multiplex-cyclic-fluorescent-immunohistochemistry

Multiplex Cyclic Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry

The tumor microenvironment involves interactions between host cells, tumor cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and vasculature. Characterizing and ...

The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Cancer Hospital

Lyme disease (LD) is a common arthropod-borne inflammatory disorder prevalent in the northern hemisphere. LD is caused by a spirochete named  s.l., which is transmitted to humans by ticks. Climate, environment, and other factors affect land use; recreational-behavior changes affect human contact with infected ticks. Studies in Europe and North America have looked at these aspects, but studies in Asia have not. We searched databases to identify all relevant abstracts published until March 2021. A meta-analysis was undertaken using the standard methods and procedures established by the Cochrane Collaboration. Ninety-one articles were included in our meta-analysis. The literature search identified data from nine countries (China, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia Siberia region, South Korea, Thailand and Turkey). Furthermore, 53,003 ticks from six genera (, , , ,  and ) were inspected for infection with  The pooled prevalence was 11.1% (95% CI = 8.3-14.2%). Among the nine countries, China had the most studies (56) and Malaysia had the highest infection rate (46.2%). Most infected ticks were from the genera  and . Ticks of the genus  had the highest infection rate (16.9%). Obvious heterogeneity was noted in our meta-analysis. We analyzed the heterogeneity with regard to countries, genera, time points, and detection methods. This study suggests that ,  and  may be the most common tike of -positive in Asia. The highest proportion of ticks infected by  were from the genus  This meta-analysis is the first attempt to explain the  infection of hard-body ticks in Asia. The infection rate for each country and infection rate of different tick genera were analyzed: there were large differences between them. The literature is concentrates mainly on East Asia, and data are limited. Our study can provide a reference for a more comprehensive and in-depth investigation of ticks in Asia infected by  spirochetes.

Yan Dong

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