cell-free-protein-synthesis-system-for-building-synthetic-cells

Cell-Free Protein Synthesis System for Building Synthetic Cells

The Cell-Free Protein Synthesis (CFPS) system has been widely employed to facilitate the bottom-up assembly of synthetic cells. It serves as the host for ...

Jiangsu Normal University

Anthocyanin accumulation specifically depends on sucrose (Suc) signaling/levels. However, the gene cascades specifically involved in the Suc signaling/level-mediated anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway are still unknown.  (), a transcription coactivator, is involved in the regulation of leaf shape and drought tolerance. Recently, an  gene cascade has been reported to regulate the light signaling-mediated anthocyanin accumulation. Target gene analysis indicates that  is associated with the  () promoter, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase,  for inducing anthocyanin accumulation. Indeed, loss-of-function mutants of  showed significantly increased anthocyanin accumulation.  mutation can also suppress the decrease in  anthocyanin accumulation. Further analysis indicates that the mutations of  and  disrupt the normal Suc levels because of the changes of invertase activity in mutants of  or , which in turn induces the alterations of anthocyanin accumulation in mutants of  or  via unknown regulatory mechanisms.

The - Gene Cascade Induces Anthocyanin Accumulation by Regulating Sucrose Levels.

[This corrects the article on p. 1728 in vol. 7, PMID: 27920784.].

Corrigendum: The  Gene Cascade Induces Anthocyanin Accumulation by Regulating Sucrose Levels.

The rapid development of synthetic biology has enabled the production of compounds with revolutionary improvements in biotechnology. DNA manipulation tools have expedited the engineering of cellular systems for this purpose. Nonetheless, the inherent constraints of cellular systems persist, imposing an upper limit on mass and energy conversion efficiencies. Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) has demonstrated its potential to overcome these inherent constraints and has been instrumental in the further advancement of synthetic biology. Via the removal of the cell membranes and redundant parts of cells, CFPS has provided flexibility in directly dissecting and manipulating the Central Dogma with rapid feedback. This mini-review summarizes recent achievements of the CFPS technique and its application to a wide range of synthetic biology projects, such as minimal cell assembly, metabolic engineering, and recombinant protein production for therapeutics, as well as biosensor development for in vitro diagnostics. In addition, current challenges and future perspectives in developing a generalized cell-free synthetic biology are outlined.

Advancing synthetic biology through cell-free protein synthesis.

Technical advances in biotechnology have greatly accelerated the development of bottom-up synthetic biology. Unlike top-down approaches, bottom-up synthetic biology focuses on the construction of a minimal cell from scratch and the application of these principles to solve challenges. Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) systems provide minimal machinery for transcription and translation, from either a fractionated cell lysate or individual purified protein elements, thus speeding up the development of synthetic cell projects. In this review, we trace the history of the cell-free technique back to the first in vitro fermentation experiment using yeast cell lysate. Furthermore, we summarized progresses of individual cell mimicry modules, such as compartmentalization, gene expression regulation, energy regeneration and metabolism, growth and division, communication, and motility. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives on the field are outlined.

Article	Year
The - Gene Cascade Induces Anthocyanin Accumulation by Regulating Sucrose Levels. Frontiers in plant science\| PubMed ID: 27920784	2016
Corrigendum: The Gene Cascade Induces Anthocyanin Accumulation by Regulating Sucrose Levels. Frontiers in plant science\| PubMed ID: 28698716	2017
Advancing synthetic biology through cell-free protein synthesis. Computational and structural biotechnology journal\| PubMed ID: 37216017	2023
Bottom-Up Synthetic Biology Using Cell-Free Protein Synthesis. Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology\| PubMed ID: 37526707	2023

Yingqiu Li

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