a-murine-model-pressure-overload-induced-right-ventricular

A Murine Model of Pressure Overload-Induced Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Failure by Pulmonary Trunk Banding

Right ventricular (RV) failure caused by pressure overload is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality in a number of cardiovascular and pulmonary ...

Aarhus University

Aarhus University Hospital

Chemosensory dysfunction (CD) has proven valuable in prediction of COVID-19, as it is a frequent and specific symptom of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the duration of CD in patients with sudden subjective olfactory and/or gustatory loss during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The secondary aim was to identify possible prognostic factors for the duration of CD.

Sustained Chemosensory Dysfunction during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In the early phase of the pandemic, some guidelines recommended the use of corticosteroids for critically ill patients with COVID-19, whereas others recommended against the use despite lack of firm evidence of either benefit or harm. In the COVID STEROID trial, we aimed to assess the effects of low-dose hydrocortisone on patient-centred outcomes in adults with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia.

Low-dose hydrocortisone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia: The COVID STEROID randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common symptom of COVID-19. In some patients, OD persists for many months, fluctuates during recovery or parosmia may occur. Knowledge about the prognosis of these patients is insufficient.

Recovery rates and parosmia in olfactory loss during the COVID-19 era.

Right ventricular (RV) failure is the prime cause of death in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Novel treatment strategies that protect the RV are needed. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, shows cardioprotective effects on the left ventricle in clinical and preclinical studies, but its direct effects on RV remain elusive. We investigated the effects of empagliflozin on RV dysfunction induced by pulmonary trunk banding (PTB).

Effects of empagliflozin on right ventricular adaptation to pressure overload.

In the field of pulmonary hypertension (PH), a well-established protocol to induce severe angioproliferation in rats (SuHx) involves combining the VEGF-R inhibitor Sugen 5416 (SU5416) with three weeks of hypoxia (Hx). Additionally, injecting monocrotaline (MCT) into rats can induce inflammation and shear stress in the pulmonary vasculature, leading to neointima-like remodeling. However, the SuHx protocol in mice is still controversial, with some studies suggesting it yields higher and reversible PH than Hx alone, possibly due to species-dependent hypoxic responses. To establish an alternative rodent model of PH, we hypothesized mice would be more sensitive to hemodynamic changes secondary to shear stress compared to Hx. We attempted to induce severe and irreversible PH in mice by combining SU5416 or monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP) injection with pneumonectomy (PNx). However, our experiments showed SU5416 administered to mice at various time points after PNx did not result in severe PH. Similarly, mice injected with MCTP after PNx (MPNx) showed no difference in right ventricular systolic pressure or exacerbated pulmonary vascular remodeling compared to PNx alone. These findings collectively demonstrate that C57/B6 mice do not develop severe and persistent PH when PNx is combined with either SU5416 or MCTP.

Article	Year
Sustained Chemosensory Dysfunction during the COVID-19 Pandemic. ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties\| PubMed ID: 33789309	2021
Low-dose hydrocortisone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxia: The COVID STEROID randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica\| PubMed ID: 34138478	2021
Recovery rates and parosmia in olfactory loss during the COVID-19 era. Danish medical journal\| PubMed ID: 36065887	2022
Effects of empagliflozin on right ventricular adaptation to pressure overload. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine\| PubMed ID: 38162132	2023
Pneumonectomy combined with SU5416 or monocrotaline pyrrole does not cause severe pulmonary hypertension in mice. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology\| PubMed ID: 38810241	2024

Janne Schwab

Biography

JoVE Journal Publications

Other Publications