establishing-mouse-model-for-respiratory-tract-extreme-low

Establishing A Mouse Model for Respiratory Tract Extreme Low-temperature Air Inhalation

Currently, constructing a mouse model for cold environmental stimulation employs cold-heat plates and wearable cooling devices. These methods can ...

The first Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University

Brain tumors in children and adults are challenging tumors to treat. Malignant primary brain tumors (MPBTs) such as glioblastoma have very poor outcomes, emphasizing the need to better understand their pathogenesis. Developing novel strategies to slow down or even stop the growth of brain tumors remains one of the major clinical challenges. Modern treatment strategies for MPBTs are based on open surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. However, none of these treatments, alone or in combination, are considered effective in controlling tumor progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 18-22 nucleotide long endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by interacting with 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of mRNA-targets. It has been proven that miRNAs play a significant role in various biological processes, including the cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, etc. Over the last decade, there has been an emergence of a large number of studies devoted to the role of miRNAs in the oncogenesis of brain tumors and the development of resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. Wherein, among the variety of molecules secreted by tumor cells into the external environment, extracellular vesicles (EVs) (exosomes and microvesicles) play a special role. Various elements were found in the EVs, including miRNAs, which can be transported as part of these EVs both between neighboring cells and between remotely located cells of different tissues using biological fluids. Some of these miRNAs in EVs can contribute to the development of resistance to radio- and chemotherapy in MPBTs, including multidrug resistance (MDR). This comprehensive review examines the role of miRNAs in the resistance of MPBTs (e.g., high-grade meningiomas, medulloblastoma (MB), pituitary adenomas (PAs) with aggressive behavior, and glioblastoma) to chemoradiotherapy and pharmacological treatment. It is believed that miRNAs are future therapeutic targets in MPBTs and such the role of miRNAs needs to be critically evaluated to focus on solving the problems of resistance to therapy this kind of human tumors.

The Role of MicroRNAs in Therapeutic Resistance of Malignant Primary Brain Tumors.

The initial hematoma volume is reliable and stable imaging predictor for the outcome of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, and the total intracranial volume varies between patients. However, the role of total intracranial volume in predicting the prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage has not been previously addressed.

Total intracranial volume as a covariate for predicting prognosis in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage.

The utility of noncontrast computed tomography markers in the prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage has been studied. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the computed tomography (CT) irregularity shape for poor functional outcomes in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. We retrospectively reviewed all 782 patients with intracranial hemorrhage in our stroke emergency center from January 2018 to September 2019. Laboratory examination and CT examination were performed within 24 h of admission. After three months, the patient's functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were applied to identify independent predictors of functional outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Out of the 627 patients included in this study, those with irregular shapes on CT imaging had a higher proportion of poor outcomes and mortality 90 days after discharge (P < 0.001). Irregular shapes were found to be significant independent predictors of poor outcome and mortality on multiple logistic regression analysis. In addition, the increase in plasma D-dimer was associated with the occurrence of irregular shapes (P = 0.0387). Patients with irregular shapes showed worse functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage. The elevated expression level of plasma D-dimers may be directly related to the formation of irregular shapes.

Irregular shape as an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage.

The aversion to cold is a fundamental motivated behavior that contributes to the body temperature homeostasis. However, the involvement of the lateral habenula (LHb) as a regulatory hub for negative emotions in this physiological process remains uninvestigated. In this study, we demonstrate an elevation in the population activity of LHb neurons following exposure to cold stimuli. Additionally, we establish the necessity of Vglut2-expressing neurons within the LHb for the encoding of cold aversion behaviors. Furthermore, we have elucidated a neural circuit from excitatory neurons of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) to LHb that plays a crucial role in this progress. Manipulation of the DMH-LHb circuit has a significant impact on cold aversion behavior in mice. It is worth noting that this circuit does not exhibit any noticeable effects on autonomic thermoregulation or depression-like behavior. The identification of these neural mechanisms involved in behavioral thermoregulation provides a promising avenue for future research.

Lateral Habenula Neurons Signal Cold Aversion and Participate in Cold Aversion.

Lung cancer (LC) and breast cancer (BC) are the most common causes of brain metastases (BMs). Time from primary diagnosis to BM (TPDBM) refers to the time interval between initial LC or BC diagnosis and development of BM. This research aims to identify clinical, molecular, and therapeutic risk factors associated with shorter TPDBM.

The clinical, molecular, and therapeutic implications of time from primary diagnosis to brain metastasis in lung and breast cancer patients.

Our aim is to evaluate the impact of surface ultraviolet radiation intensity on hospital admissions for stroke and to compare the correlation and differences among different subtypes of strokes.

Impact of surface ultraviolet radiation intensity on hospital admissions for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: A large-scale database study using distributed lag nonlinear analysis, 2015-2022, in Harbin, China.

Article	Year
The Role of MicroRNAs in Therapeutic Resistance of Malignant Primary Brain Tumors. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology\| PubMed ID: 34692698	2021
Total intracranial volume as a covariate for predicting prognosis in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery\| PubMed ID: 35121234	2022
Irregular shape as an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Scientific reports\| PubMed ID: 35595831	2022
Lateral Habenula Neurons Signal Cold Aversion and Participate in Cold Aversion. Neurochemical research\| PubMed ID: 38102342	2024
The clinical, molecular, and therapeutic implications of time from primary diagnosis to brain metastasis in lung and breast cancer patients. Cancer medicine\| PubMed ID: 38847084	2024
Impact of surface ultraviolet radiation intensity on hospital admissions for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: A large-scale database study using distributed lag nonlinear analysis, 2015-2022... Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association\| PubMed ID: 39094717	2024

Liu Chunyang

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