acquisition-semi-automated-analysis-respiratory-muscle-surface

Acquisition and Semi-Automated Analysis of Respiratory Muscle Surface Electromyography

Evaluating respiratory drive presents challenges due to the obtrusiveness and impracticality of current methods like functional magnetic resonance imaging ...

Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

[Purpose] To examine the validity of the predictive formulas based on the angle information of the segment center of mass and moments of inertia, and to propose a joint moment estimation method. [Participants and Methods] Twenty nine young healthy adults were divided into two groups: the Creation group (20 adults) was needed to create the prediction formulas, and the Verification group (9 adults) was needed to verify the formulas. By monitoring the Creation group, the angular information from inertial motion sensors and moments of inertia of each limb were used to estimate actual ankle joint moment and knee joint moment. Thereafter, the actual joint moments was derived from the Verification group and compared to the predicted values via Pearson correlations. [Results] Good to excellent correlations were obtained between the actual joint moments of the two groups for most of the motions. [Conclusion] It is suggested that the predictive formulas created from the angle information of the segment center of mass and moments of inertia can be used for an approximate estimation of the lower limb joint moments in the sagittal plane and more clinically useful tools need to be considered in the future.

Possible predictive formulas for quantitative and time-based estimation of muscle strength during motion.

[Purpose] The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate the diversity in infant crawling and examine the quantitative regularity in crawling variations necessary for the acquisition of walking in infants with typical development. [Participants and Methods] Infants with no neurological or orthopedic problems participated in this study. Using Internet Protocol (IP) cameras, crawling was simultaneously filmed from six different angles. Filming was continued until the acquisition of independent walking. The crawling movement in the video was coded. We considered the number of different completed codes as the number of variations and examined the cumulative number during the filming period in each participant. [Results] Nineteen infants completed the study. The pattern of change in the cumulative number of variations with increasing age (in days) varied between cases. Although the cumulative number of crawling variations at the time of acquisition of independent walking was inconsistent, it was negatively correlated with the crawling start age (in days). [Conclusion] Diversity exists in infant crawling. Infants who start crawling at a younger age tend to express more variation, whereas infants who start crawling when older tend to express less variation.

Diversity and regularity in infant crawling with typical development.

The annual incidence of new hip fractures increased from 2005 to 2014 in Nagasaki and females were much more affected. High-risk factors were identified as age ≥ 80 years, winter, indoors, living room, Monday, and early morning. Seven days after admission, most patients remained hospitalized and had been treated surgically.

Incidence of and risk factors for hip fracture in Nagasaki, Japan from 2005 to 2014.

 The operating theater is recognized to involve a high frequency of occupational blood and body fluid contacts.  This study aimed to visualize the production of blood and body fluid airborne particles by surgical procedures and to investigate risks of microbial contamination of the conjunctival membranes of surgical staff during orthopedic operations.  Two physicians simulated total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) in a bio-clean theater using model bones. The generation and behaviors of airborne particles were filmed using a fine particle visualization system, and numbers of airborne particles per 2.83 L of air were counted at the height of the operating and instrument tables. Each action was repeated five times, and particle counts were evaluated statistically.  Numerous airborne particles were dispersed to higher and wider areas while "cutting bones in TKA" and "striking and driving the cup component on the pelvic bone in THA" compared to other surgical procedures. The highest particle counts were detected while "cutting bones in TKA" under unidirectional laminar air flow.  These results provide a clearer image of the dispersion and distribution of airborne particles and identified higher-risk surgical procedures for microbial contamination of the conjunctival membranes. Surgical staff including surgeons, nurses, anesthesiologists, and visitors, should pay attention to and take measures against occupational infection particularly in high-risk surgical situations.

Visualization of Airborne Particles as a Risk for Microbial Contamination in Orthopedic Surgery.

Immobilization osteopenia is a major healthcare problem in clinical and social medicine. However, the mechanisms underlying this bone pathology caused by immobilization under load-bearing conditions are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate sequential changes to the three-dimensional microstructure of bone in load-bearing immobilization osteopenia using a fixed-limb rat model.

Progression of microstructural deterioration in load-bearing immobilization osteopenia.

Joint moment is the resultant force of limb movements. However, estimation methods for joint moments using surface electromyography frequently use joint angles instead of limb angles. The limb angle in joint moment estimation using electromyography could clarify the effects of muscle activity on the limbs: acceleration, deceleration, or stabilization. No study has quantified the comprehensive relationship between limb movement, muscle activity, and joint moment. This study aimed to determine the influencing factors for ankle-joint moment and knee-joint moment in the sagittal plane among muscle activities and parameters related to limb movements during half squat and gait. This study included 29 healthy adults (16 female participants, 21.1 ± 2.09 years). Using inertial measurement units, thigh, shank, and foot inclination angles and angular accelerations were calculated as the parameters of limb movements. Muscle activations of the biceps femoris long head, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior were measured. Ankle joint moment and knee-joint moment were measured using a three-dimensional motion capture system and two force plates. Regression models showed high accuracy in measuring ankle-joint moment during a half squat and gait (R = 0.92, 0.97, respectively) and knee-joint moment during a half squat (R = 0.98), but not knee-joint moment during gait (R = 0.63). However, only a maximum of five parameters were selected from muscle activities and limb angular information. Tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius activity were the largest contributors to ankle-joint moment during a half squat and gait, respectively, while muscle activities were not directly reflected in the knee-joint moment during either movement. Consideration of the interrelationships among limb movement, muscle activity, and joint moment is required when adjusting joint movements according to the target and aim of the therapeutic interventions.

The interrelationship between lower limb movement, muscle activity, and joint moment during half squat and gait.

This study aimed to compare radiological features and short-term clinical outcomes between open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and tibial condylar valgus osteotomy (TCVO), to provide information facilitating decision-making regarding those two procedures.

Article	Year
Possible predictive formulas for quantitative and time-based estimation of muscle strength during motion. Journal of physical therapy science\| PubMed ID: 32082024	2020
Diversity and regularity in infant crawling with typical development. Journal of physical therapy science\| PubMed ID: 32884166	2020
Incidence of and risk factors for hip fracture in Nagasaki, Japan from 2005 to 2014. Archives of osteoporosis\| PubMed ID: 34245372	2021
Visualization of Airborne Particles as a Risk for Microbial Contamination in Orthopedic Surgery. Frontiers in surgery\| PubMed ID: 34881285	2021
Progression of microstructural deterioration in load-bearing immobilization osteopenia. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 36331919	2022
The interrelationship between lower limb movement, muscle activity, and joint moment during half squat and gait. Heliyon\| PubMed ID: 38028012	2023
Comparison of short-term clinical outcomes between open-wedge high tibial osteotomy and tibial condylar valgus osteotomy. BMC musculoskeletal disorders\| PubMed ID: 38281004	2024

Umi Matsumura

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