investigating-anti-obesity-potential-papaver-somniferum-seeds-obese

Investigating Anti-Obesity Potential of <em>Papaver Somniferum</em> Seeds in Obese Rat Model

Obesity is a major global health issue, affecting nearly 30% of the population worldwide. Despite the prevalence of obesity, there is currently no data ...

Riphah International University

Nanotechnology has acquired significance in dental applications, but its safety regarding human health is still questionable due to the chemicals utilized during various synthesis procedures. Titanium nanoparticles were produced by three novel routes, including Bacillus subtilis, Cassia fistula and hydrothermal heating, and then characterized for shape, phase state, size, surface roughness, elemental composition, texture and morphology by SEM, TEM, XRD, AFM, DRS, DLS and FTIR. These novel titanium nanoparticles were tested for cytotoxicity through the MTT assay. L929 mouse fibroblast cells were used to test the cytotoxicity of the prepared titanium nanoparticles. Cell suspension of 10% DMEM with 1 × 104 cells was seeded in a 96-well plate and incubated. Titanium nanoparticles were used in a 1 mg/mL concentration. Control (water) and titanium nanoparticles stock solutions were prepared with 28 microliters of MTT dye and poured into each well, incubated at 37 °C for 2 h. Readings were recorded on day 1, day 15, day 31, day 41 and day 51. The results concluded that titanium nanoparticles produced by Bacillus subtilis remained non-cytotoxic because cell viability was >90%. Titanium nanoparticles produced by Cassia fistula revealed mild cytotoxicity on day 1, day 15 and day 31 because cell viability was 60−90%, while moderate cytotoxicity was found at day 41 and day 51, as cell viability was 30−60%. Titanium nanoparticles produced by hydrothermal heating depicted mild cytotoxicity on day 1 and day 15; moderate cytotoxicity on day 31; and severe cytotoxicity on day 41 and day 51 because cell viability was less than 30% (p < 0.001). The current study concluded that novel titanium nanoparticles prepared by Bacillus subtilis were the safest, more sustainable and most biocompatible for future restorative nano-dentistry purposes.

Effect of Currently Available Nanoparticle Synthesis Routes on Their Biocompatibility with Fibroblast Cell Lines.

Currently, titanium oxide (TiO) nanoparticles are successfully employed in human food, drugs, cosmetics, advanced medicine, and dentistry because of their non-cytotoxic, non-allergic, and bio-compatible nature when used in direct close contact with the human body. These NPs are the most versatile oxides as a result of their acceptable chemical stability, lower cost, strong oxidation properties, high refractive index, and enhanced aesthetics. These NPs are fabricated by conventional (physical and chemical) methods and the latest biological methods (biological, green, and biological derivatives), with their advantages and disadvantages in this epoch. The significance of TiO NPs as a medical material includes drug delivery release, cancer therapy, orthopedic implants, biosensors, instruments, and devices, whereas their significance as a dental biomaterial involves dentifrices, oral antibacterial disinfectants, whitening agents, and adhesives. In addition, TiO NPs play an important role in orthodontics (wires and brackets), endodontics (sealers and obturating materials), maxillofacial surgeries (implants and bone plates), prosthodontics (veneers, crowns, bridges, and acrylic resin dentures), and restorative dentistry (GIC and composites).

Medical and Dental Applications of Titania Nanoparticles: An Overview.

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...].

Correction: Mansoor et al. Effect of Currently Available Nanoparticle Synthesis Routes on Their Biocompatibility with Fibroblast Cell Lines.  2022, , 6972.

Globally, more than 50 countries have been affected by Monkey pox virus after COVID-19 has subsided. WHO declared "public health emergency of international concern" in year 2022 because of virus affecting 60,000 people in just one month that belonged to clade-IIb. Previously, it had been transmitted by body fluids, lesions and touching items, but fresh transmission is via sexual activity among bisexuals and man to man sex (MSM). New outbreaks reported compromised health status of confirmed cases with rectal pain, bleeding, tenesmus, pus or blood in stool, vomiting, proctitis and abdominal pain, which became alarming for entire world because of complications leading to bacterial skin infections, sepsis, encephalitis, hemorrhagic disease, blindness and pneumonia eventually. This virus has been further deteriorating unstable and unsustainable economy that requires dire attention. Strict preventive measures in terms of personal hygiene, pet and livestock health care, hospital contaminant disposal, good surveillance record, pre and post exposure vaccination, waste and water management could be only possible strategies to eliminate devastatingly dangerous M-pox outbreaks in this epic.

Update on the M-pox virus and safety measures taken against it globally.

Dental caries is a commonly occurring non-communicable disease throughout the world that might compromise the quality of any individual's life. Glass ionomer cements (GIC) are the most acceptable restorative materials due to their ease of manipulation, minimal tooth loss and least invasive strategy; however, they lack mechanical stability that has become a point of concern. Nanoparticles (NPs) are an outstanding option for modifying and enhancing the properties of dental materials. The focus of this study was to prepare novel, biocompatible titania dioxide (TiO) NPs as a dental-restorative material using an efficient probiotic Bacillus coagulans. The prepared NPs were incorporated into glass ionomer restorative material at varying concentrations and investigated for cell viability percentage, microhardness and surface morphology. Results indicated that pure 100% anatase phase TiO NPs with particle size of 21.84 nm arranged in smooth, spherical agglomerates and clusters forms. These NPs depicted cell viability > 90%, thus confirming their non-cytotoxic behavior. GIC restorative materials reinforced by 5% titania (TiO) NPs demonstrated the highest microhardness in comparison to the control group and other experimental groups of the study. Surface morphology analysis revealed a reduction in cracks in this novel dental-restorative material supporting its compatible biological nature with better hardness strength and negligible crack propagation. Overall, these results indicated that TiO NPs produced using a biological approach could be easily used as restorative materials in dental applications.

Novel microbial synthesis of titania nanoparticles using probiotic Bacillus coagulans and its role in enhancing the microhardness of glass ionomer restorative materials.

NANOTECHNOLOGY: is the art and science of dealing with nanoscale particles. This has transformed contemporary dental practices through myriad contributions to biomaterial science. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles procured from Bacillus subtilis, an eco-friendly and biogenic source, can significantly magnify the physiochemical attributes of dental materials. However, postoperative sensitivity is a major drawback of composite restorations. The incorporation of these nanoparticles into dental adhesives can greatly benefit clinical dentistry by resolving this issue. This trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel titanium dioxide nanofortified adhesive on the postoperative sensitivity of composite restorations.

Postoperative sensitivity of composites using novel Bacillus subtilis nanofortified adhesives: a triple-blind study.

There has been an increased demand for dental bleaching globally irrespective of age and gender. Main drawbacks associated with conventional tooth bleaching agents have been compromised strength and mineral-content of tooth enamel which results in sensitivity, discomfort, roughness, and structure loss of human teeth. Currently, nanoparticles synthesized by green synthesis have gained popularity especially in medical and dental applications because of their versatile and beneficial nano-scaled features. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONps) in this study were prepared from green ecofriendly source using the aloe vera plant extract and were then characterized  dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), for size, shape, composition and true-phase. These TiO Nps were incorporated in commercial bleaching gel containing hydrogen peroxide to form a novel TiO-bleaching gel which was used to bleach extracted anterior teeth belonging to four different age groups: 20-29 years, 30-39 years, 40-49 years and ≥50 years. These teeth were investigated for micro-hardness (Vickers microhardness tester) and mineral-content (EDX spectroscopy) including sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium in an  environment both before and after bleaching. Results revealed that TiO Nps prepared by aloe vera plant were nanos-sized of about 37.91-49 nm, spherical shape, true anatase phase with pure titanium and oxygen in their composition. The values of Vickers micro-hardness and mineral-content (Na, Mg, P, Ca) of enamel specimens belonging to different age groups enhanced in a linear pattern before bleaching with the increase in age ( value < 0.05). There was negligible reduction observed in Vickers micro-hardness and mineral-content elements (Na, Mg, P, Ca) of all enamel specimens belonging to different ages after the bleaching ( value > 0.05). The novel TiO-bleaching gel prepared was effective enough in preventing the declination in Vickers micro-hardness strength and mineral-content of all the enamel specimens belonging to different age groups even after the bleaching procedure which makes it a promising biomaterial.

Role of the novel based titanium dioxide bleaching gel on the strength and mineral content of the human tooth enamel with respect to age.

Reply to the letter to the editor on "update on the M-pox virus and safety measures taken against it globally".

To evaluate the effectiveness of Azadirachta indica based Herbal mouthwash to treat tooth sensitivity in patients.

Clinical efficacy of  based herbal mouthwash in treating the hypersensitivity of teeth.

The oral healthcare sector is witnessing a significant increase in the creation of eco-friendly biomaterials intended to inflict minimal damage to humans and the environment, primarily due to the inadequacies of conventional synthetic restorative materials which have a short shelf life and are prone to instability. The main objective of this study was to synthesise cost-effective titania nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) from biowaste corn silky hair fibre.

Article	Year
Effect of Currently Available Nanoparticle Synthesis Routes on Their Biocompatibility with Fibroblast Cell Lines. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 36296564	2022
Medical and Dental Applications of Titania Nanoparticles: An Overview. Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 36296859	2022
Correction: Mansoor et al. Effect of Currently Available Nanoparticle Synthesis Routes on Their Biocompatibility with Fibroblast Cell Lines. 2022, , 6972. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 37241996	2023
Update on the M-pox virus and safety measures taken against it globally. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi\| PubMed ID: 37996327	2024
Novel microbial synthesis of titania nanoparticles using probiotic Bacillus coagulans and its role in enhancing the microhardness of glass ionomer restorative materials. Odontology\| PubMed ID: 38554219	2024
Postoperative sensitivity of composites using novel Bacillus subtilis nanofortified adhesives: a triple-blind study. BMC oral health\| PubMed ID: 39267015	2024
Role of the novel based titanium dioxide bleaching gel on the strength and mineral content of the human tooth enamel with respect to age. PeerJ\| PubMed ID: 39308816	2024
Reply to the letter to the editor on "update on the M-pox virus and safety measures taken against it globally". Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi\| PubMed ID: 39550237	2024
Clinical efficacy of based herbal mouthwash in treating the hypersensitivity of teeth. Pakistan journal of medical sciences\| PubMed ID: 39554682	2024
Synthesis of novel titania nanoparticles using corn silky hair fibres and their role in developing a smart restorative material in dentistry. Computational and structural biotechnology journal\| PubMed ID: 39906909	2025

Emaan Mansoor

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