an-efficient-single-person-technique-for-milk-sampling-from

An Efficient Single-Person Technique for Milk Sampling from Laboratory Mice

Rodent models have been widely used in biology since the early 20th century to study basic physiology and biochemical mechanisms. In lactation and ...

Rutgers -The State University of New Jersey

One of the hallmarks of insulin resistance is a reduction in glucose transporter-4 (Glut-4) expression in adipose tissue but not in skeletal muscle. However, while Glut-4 has been demonstrated in skeletal and cardiac muscles in horses it has not been demonstrated in adipose tissue. The initial objectives of the present study were: (1) to test the hypothesis that Glut-4 expression would vary between selected key skeletal muscles; (2) to test the hypothesis that it would also vary between representative adipose tissue depots, and (3) to see whether expression would be greater in adipose tissue compared to muscle. Glut-4 expression was determined by Western blot using samples obtained from post mortem biopsies obtained from four muscles (gluteus medius, semitendinosus, heart, and diaphragm), and four adipose tissues (subcutaneous, retroperitoneal, mesenteric, and omental) in three horses. There were no differences (P>0.05) in Glut-4 protein expression between the muscles sampled. Likewise there were no differences (P>0.05) in Glut-4 protein expression between fat depots. There was a significant difference (P=0.03) when pooled means for Glut-4 expression in muscle (58.8+/-2.5 densitometry units) were compared with adipose tissue (115.8+/-15.7). This difference in Glut-4 expression in these two tissues with distinctly different metabolic reasons for taking up glucose may warrant further investigation to see if there are more pronounced differences in Glut-4 expression in muscle and adipose tissue in various populations of horses.

Novel findings regarding Glut-4 expression in adipose tissue and muscle in horses--a preliminary report.

Glutamine in milk is believed to play an important role in neonatal intestinal maturation and immune function. For lactating mothers, glutamine utilization is increased to meet the demands of the enlarged intestine and milk production. However, the source of such glutamine during lactation has not been studied.

Article	Year
Novel findings regarding Glut-4 expression in adipose tissue and muscle in horses--a preliminary report. Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)\| PubMed ID: 17174126	2007
Adipocytes Are the Only Site of Glutamine Synthetase Expression Within the Lactating Mouse Mammary Gland. Current developments in nutrition\| PubMed ID: 38813479	2024

Malcolm Watford

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