construction-lung-adenocarcinoma-xenograft-model-mice-evaluation

Construction of Lung Adenocarcinoma Xenograft Model in Mice and Evaluation of the Efficiency of XY Decoction through MAPK Pathway

Lung adenocarcinoma is increasing worldwide, prompting the exploration and development of effective treatment methods. In recent years, the therapeutic ...

Changchun University of Chinese Medicine

Respiratory diseases, especially the pandemic of respiratory infectious diseases and refractory chronic lung diseases, remain a key clinical issue and research hot spot due to their high prevalence rates and poor prognosis. In this review, we aimed to summarize the recent advances in the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of key common bioactive compounds from Chinese herbal medicine. Based on the theories of traditional Chinese medicine related to lung diseases, we searched several electronic databases to determine the high-frequency Chinese medicines in clinical application. The active compounds and metabolites from the selected medicines were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) by analyzing oral bioavailability and drug similarity index. Then, the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of the selected bioactive compounds in the viral and bacterial infections, inflammation, acute lung injury (ALI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and lung cancer were summarized. We found that 31 bioactive compounds from the selected 10 common Chinese herbs, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), kaempferol, isorhamnetin, quercetin, and β-sitosterol, can mainly regulate NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, NLRP3, TGF-β/Smad, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways to inhibit infection, inflammation, extracellular matrix deposition, and tumor growth in a series of lung-related diseases. This review provides novel perspectives on the preclinical study and clinical application of Chinese herbal medicines and their bioactive compounds against respiratory diseases.

Therapeutic Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Compounds Against Respiratory Diseases: Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory and High-Frequency Use.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is one of the pathologic changes in COVID-19 patients in convalescence, and it is also a potential long-term sequela in severe COVID-19 patients. Qimai Feiluoping decoction (QM) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula recommended in the Chinese national medical program for COVID-19 convalescent patients, and PF is one of its indications. Through clinical observation, QM was found to improve the clinical symptoms and pulmonary function and reduce the degree of PF of COVID-19 convalescent patients. To further explore the pharmacological mechanisms and possible active components of QM in anti-PF effect, UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS was used to analyze the composition of the QM extract and the active components that can be absorbed into the blood, leading to the identification of 56 chemical compounds and 10 active components. Then, network pharmacology was used to predict the potential mechanisms and targets of QM; it predicted that QM exerts its anti-PF effects  the regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and TGF-β signaling pathway. Finally, TGF-β1-induced A549 cells were used to verify and explore the pharmacological effects of QM and found that QM could inhibit the proliferation of TGF-β1-induced A549 cells, attenuate EMT, and promote ECM degradation by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway.

Network Pharmacology and Experimental Assessment to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanism of Qimai Feiluoping Decoction Against Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is the end stage of various chronic and progressive interstitial lung diseases. TGF-β, a profibrotic cytokine, can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and fibroblast proliferation, which contribute to progressive lung remodeling in PF. The Wenfei Buqi Tongluo (WBT) formula has been certified to be effective in the prevention and treatment of PF in clinical practice and has inhibitory effects on EMT, inflammation, and profibrotic factors. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of WBT against PF need to be further explored. In this study, we first analyzed the chemical components of the WBT formula using the UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis. The potential targets of the identified compounds from WBT were predicted by the network pharmacology, which was confirmed by  and  study. After screening by the PubChem database, we first identified the 36 compounds of WBT and predicted the TGF-β signaling pathway, with ECM degradation as potential mechanism of WBT against PF by the network pharmacology. Furthermore, WBT treatment inhibited the levels of TGF-β and Smad3 phosphorylation and subsequently alleviated EMT and ECM accumulation in the bleomycin-induced mouse model and TGF-β1-induced cell model. These findings indicate that WBT can block the progressive process of PF by inhibiting EMT and promoting ECM degradation  the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway. This study may provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of WBT for the prevention and treatment of PF in the clinical application.

Wenfei Buqi Tongluo Formula Against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting TGF-β/Smad3 Pathway.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with high mortality and poor prognosis. The prognostic signatures related to conventional therapy response remain limited. The Wenfei Buqi Tongluo (WBT) formula, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely utilized to treat respiratory diseases in China, which is particularly effective in promoting inflammatory absorption. In this study, we aim to explore the mechanism of the WBT formula in the inhibition of inflammatory response during IPF, based on network pharmacology and  experiments.

Protective Effects of the Wenfei Buqi Tongluo Formula on the Inflammation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis through Inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-B Pathway.

Qimai Feiluoping decoction (QM), a Traditional Chinese Medicine formula, has been included in rehabilitation program for functional disorders of discharged COVID-19 patients. QM has been proved to effectively improve the clinical symptoms and imaging signs of PF in COVID-19 convalescent patients.

Qimai Feiluoping decoction inhibits mitochondrial complex I-mediated oxidative stress to ameliorate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

 Respiratory diseases are common and frequent diseases. Due to the high pathogenicity and side effects of respiratory diseases, the discovery of new strategies for drug treatment is a hot area of research.  Georgi (SBG) has been used as a medicinal herb in China for over 2000 years. Baicalin (BA) is a flavonoid active ingredient extracted from SBG that BA has been found to exert various pharmacological effects against respiratory diseases. However, there is no comprehensive review of the mechanism of the effects of BA in treating respiratory diseases. This review aims to summarize the current pharmacokinetics of BA, baicalin-loaded nano-delivery system, and its molecular mechanisms and therapeutical effects for treating respiratory diseases.  This review reviewed databases such as PubMed, NCBI, and Web of Science from their inception to 13 December 2022, in which literature was related to "baicalin", " Georgi", "COVID-19", "acute lung injury", "pulmonary arterial hypertension", "asthma", "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", "pulmonary fibrosis", "lung cancer", "pharmacokinetics", "liposomes", "nano-emulsions", "micelles", "phospholipid complexes", "solid dispersions", "inclusion complexes", and other terms.  The pharmacokinetics of BA involves mainly gastrointestinal hydrolysis, the enteroglycoside cycle, multiple metabolic pathways, and excretion in bile and urine. Due to the poor bioavailability and solubility of BA, liposomes, nano-emulsions, micelles, phospholipid complexes, solid dispersions, and inclusion complexes of BA have been developed to improve its bioavailability, lung targeting, and solubility. BA exerts potent effects mainly by mediating upstream oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and immune response pathways. It regulates are the NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β/Smad, Nrf2/HO-1, and ERK/GSK3β pathways.  This review presents comprehensive information on BA about pharmacokinetics, baicalin-loaded nano-delivery system, and its therapeutic effects and potential pharmacological mechanisms in respiratory diseases. The available studies suggest that BA has excellent possible treatment of respiratory diseases and is worthy of further investigation and development.

The protective effects of baicalin for respiratory diseases: an update and future perspectives.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction. Epidemiological investigation has demonstrated that, after cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors, and other causes, AD has become a major health issue affecting elderly individuals, with its mortality rate acutely increasing each year. Regulatory cell death is the active and orderly death of genetically determined cells, which is ubiquitous in the development of living organisms and is crucial to the regulation of life homeostasis. With extensive research on regulatory cell death in AD, increasing evidence has revealed that ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and cuproptosis are closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of AD. This paper will review the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and cuproptosis and their regulatory roles in AD to explore potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of AD.

Ferroptosis, Pyroptosis, and Cuproptosis in Alzheimer's Disease.

Respiratory diseases, marked by structural changes in the airways and lung tissues, can lead to reduced respiratory function and, in severe cases, respiratory failure. The side effects of current treatments, such as hormone therapy, drugs, and radiotherapy, highlight the need for new therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers a promising alternative, leveraging its ability to target multiple pathways and mechanisms. Active compounds from Chinese herbs and other natural sources exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects, making them valuable in preventing and treating respiratory conditions. Ferroptosis, a unique form of programmed cell death (PCD) distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and others, has emerged as a key area of interest. However, comprehensive reviews on how natural products influence ferroptosis in respiratory diseases are lacking. This review will explore the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of natural products from TCM in modulating ferroptosis for respiratory diseases like acute lung injury (ALI), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis (PF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and lung cancer, aiming to provide new insights for research and clinical application in TCM for respiratory health.

Recent advances in the potential effects of natural products from traditional Chinese medicine against respiratory diseases targeting ferroptosis.

Neuroticism has been associated with asthma, but the nature of this relationship remains unclear due to limited understanding of the impact of psychological factors on asthma risk. While Neuroticism is known to affect various health outcomes, its specific role in respiratory conditions like asthma is not fully understood.

Neuroticism and asthma: Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal link with mood swings and BMI mediation.

Research indicates that there may be an association between plasma lipidome levels and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients. However, the potential causality of this relationship is yet to be determined. To investigate this matter further, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to comprehensively assess the causality between lipidome levels and DR.

Causal role of plasma liposome in diabetic retinopathy: mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) ranks among the most prevalent chronic metabolic diseases, characterized primarily by a persistent elevation in blood glucose levels. This condition typically stems from either insufficient insulin secretion or a functional defect in the insulin itself. Clinically, diabetes is primarily classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with T2DM comprising nearly 90% of all diagnosed cases. Notably, the global incidence of T2DM has surged dramatically over recent decades. The adenylate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway is crucial in regulating cellular energy metabolism, marking it as a significant therapeutic target for diabetes and related complications. Natural products, characterized by their diverse origins, multifaceted bioactivities, and relative safety, hold considerable promise in modulating the AMPK pathway. This review article explores the advances in research on natural products that target the AMPK signaling pathway, aiming to inform the development of innovative antidiabetic therapies.

Article	Year
Therapeutic Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Compounds Against Respiratory Diseases: Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory and High-Frequency Use. Frontiers in pharmacology\| PubMed ID: 34512360	2021
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Assessment to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanism of Qimai Feiluoping Decoction Against Pulmonary Fibrosis. Frontiers in pharmacology\| PubMed ID: 34925028	2021
Wenfei Buqi Tongluo Formula Against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting TGF-β/Smad3 Pathway. Frontiers in pharmacology\| PubMed ID: 35126110	2021
Protective Effects of the Wenfei Buqi Tongluo Formula on the Inflammation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis through Inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-B Pathway. BioMed research international\| PubMed ID: 35178456	2022
Qimai Feiluoping decoction inhibits mitochondrial complex I-mediated oxidative stress to ameliorate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology\| PubMed ID: 36805483	2023
The protective effects of baicalin for respiratory diseases: an update and future perspectives. Frontiers in pharmacology\| PubMed ID: 37007037	2023
Ferroptosis, Pyroptosis, and Cuproptosis in Alzheimer's Disease. ACS chemical neuroscience\| PubMed ID: 37703318	2023
Recent advances in the potential effects of natural products from traditional Chinese medicine against respiratory diseases targeting ferroptosis. Chinese medicine\| PubMed ID: 38519984	2024
Neuroticism and asthma: Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal link with mood swings and BMI mediation. The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma\| PubMed ID: 39620646	2025
Causal role of plasma liposome in diabetic retinopathy: mendelian randomization (MR) study. Diabetology & metabolic syndrome\| PubMed ID: 39920782	2025
Natural products targeting AMPK signaling pathway therapy, diabetes mellitus and its complications. Frontiers in pharmacology\| PubMed ID: 39963239	2025

Siyu Song

Biography

JoVE Journal Publications

Other Publications