precision-ultrasound-guided-stem-cell-delivery-for-vascular-repair

Precision Ultrasound-guided Stem Cell Delivery for Vascular Repair in Aortic Diseases

Aortic aneurysms and dissections rupture are life-threatening cardiovascular emergencies. Early prevention and control of disease progression are ...

Capital Medical University

Vascular repair upon vessel injury is essential for the maintenance of arterial homeostasis and function. Stem/progenitor cells were demonstrated to play a crucial role in regeneration and replenishment of damaged vascular cells during vascular repair. Previous studies revealed that myeloid stem/progenitor cells were the main sources of tissue regeneration after vascular injury. However, accumulating evidences from developing lineage tracing studies indicate that various populations of vessel-resident stem/progenitor cells play specific roles in different process of vessel injury and repair. In response to shear stress, inflammation, or other risk factors-induced vascular injury, these vascular stem/progenitor cells can be activated and consequently differentiate into different types of vascular wall cells to participate in vascular repair. In this review, mechanisms that contribute to stem/progenitor cell differentiation and vascular repair are described. Targeting these mechanisms has potential to improve outcome of diseases that are characterized by vascular injury, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, restenosis, and aortic aneurysm/dissection. Future studies on potential stem cell-based therapy are also highlighted.

Vascular Stem/Progenitor Cells in Vessel Injury and Repair.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. During the development of cardiovascular diseases, hypoxia plays a crucial role. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the key transcription factors for adaptive hypoxic responses, which orchestrate the transcription of numerous genes involved in angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, glycolytic metabolism, inflammation, and so on. Recent studies have dissected the precise role of cell-specific HIFs in the pathogenesis of hypertension, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysms, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and heart failure using tissue-specific HIF-knockout or -overexpressing animal models. More importantly, several compounds developed as HIF inhibitors or activators have been in clinical trials for the treatment of renal cancer or anemia; however, little is known on the therapeutic potential of these inhibitors for cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances on HIFs in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases and to provide evidence of potential clinical therapeutic targets.

Article	Year
Vascular Stem/Progenitor Cells in Vessel Injury and Repair. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine\| PubMed ID: 35224067	2022
The role of hypoxia-inducible factors in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacology & therapeutics\| PubMed ID: 35413308	2022

Xuejie Cao

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