covid-19-seroprevalence-test-for-igg-antibody-levels-among-healthy

COVID-19 Seroprevalence Test for IgG Antibody Levels Among Healthy Donors Across Different Pandemic Phases in Jeddah

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has significantly impacted global public ...

King Abdulaziz University

King Abdulaziz University Hospital

To report 2-years experience of using transfusion-related quality indicators as a tool in hemovigilance system implementation. 

The use of transfusion quality indicators as a tool for hemovigilance system implementation at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Saudi Arabia have imposed timely restrictions to minimize the infection spread, lower the risk for vulnerable groups, and reduce the pressure on healthcare services. The effectiveness of these measures has not been assessed comprehensively and, thereby, remains uncertain. Besides monitoring the number of COVID-19 cases diagnosed by molecular assays, the seroprevalence can serve as an indicator for the incidence rate among the general population. This study aimed to evaluate seroprevalence status of all healthy blood donors who attended one of the main largest hospital located in the western region of Saudi Arabia from 1 January to 31 May 2020. The study period covered two months prior to reporting the first COVID-19 case in the country on 2 March 2020. Importantly, it covered the period when "lock-down type" measures have been enforced. Samples were subjected to in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), and microneutralization (MN). The sero statuses of all samples were confirmed negative, demonstrating the lack of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among blood donors during COVID-19 lockdown period. This study supports the hypothesis that COVID-19 restrictions have potential for limiting the extent of the infection.

Lack of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among Blood Donors during COVID-19 Lockdown: A Study from Saudi Arabia.

Regular donation of whole blood may lead to iron deficiency. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of frequent whole blood donation on hematological parameters. Whole blood donors were enrolled from four blood banks located in Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Libya and Oman, between 2016 and 2017. SPSS version 21.0 was used to generate descriptive and inferential statistics. A total number of 3096 blood donors were screened (males 93.8 %, females; 6.2 %), with a mean donor age of 35.29 ± 9.31 years. For male blood donors, the majority (1073) had 1-3 previous donations. Increased frequency of donations was significantly associated with increases in age and weight, decreases in Hemoglobin (Hb) and ferritin measures, and increases in Red Blood Cells (RBC) counts. A General Linear Model (GLM) adjusted for age and weight indicated negative impacts on White Blood Cells (WBC) counts and ferritin. A weak correlation between the Hb and ferritin levels was observed (r = 0.160, P > 0.001). For female donors, the majority (63 out of 114) were first time donors. Increased frequency of donations was significantly associated with an increase in age and a decrease in HCT readings. A GLM adjusted for age and weight indicated a negative impact on ferritin. A strong correlation was observed between the Hb and ferritin levels for the most frequent female donors (r = 0.636, P > 0.001). In conclusion, regular whole blood donation impacts hematological parameters in particular the levels of ferritin in the serum.

The impact of blood donation on blood counts and ferritin levels: A multi-center study from the Eastern Mediterranean region.

International Forum on the Collection and Use of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma: Responses.

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a major impact on blood donation process and supply globally. A lockdown management procedure was launched nationally in Saudi Arabia to manage this global health crisis. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of COVID-19 lockdown on blood donation services and supply in different regions of Saudi Arabia. . A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the blood bank centers of 5 major cities including Riyadh, Jeddah, Dammam, Hail, and Jizan in Saudi Arabia. Demographic and blood characteristics were retrieved from the first 6 months of 2019 (January-June) and compared to the same period of 2020.

Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Donation and Supply: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia.

Transfusion medicine education at the undergraduate level is typically limited in duration. In view of limitations of traditional teaching methods, we explore effectiveness of scoring (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) OSCE as an educational method.

Learning transfusion medicine through scoring objective structured clinical examination.

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a challenging condition that may necessitate the need for intrauterine or neonatal transfusion. The ability to provide compatible blood depends on antibody identification and antigen prevalence. We describe the case of a newborn that was affected by HDFN secondary to a high-prevalence antigen of unknown specificity.

Incompatible red blood cell transfusion for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn secondary to anti-U: A case report.

Comment on: Prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections in Saudi Arabia blood donors: A nationwide, cross-sectional study.

Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, many associated factors have been investigated to clarify the susceptibility and severity among the affected individuals. Biological markers can play an important role in identification of individual susceptibility to such pandemic. Growing evidence suggest the influence of different blood group systems on susceptibility to COVID-19 virus, with a particular blood type conferring selection advantage.

The association between different blood group systems and susceptibility to COVID-19: a single center cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia.

The improvement in the clinical care for patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is evolving, and many efforts are being put to standardize it. Here, we aimed to assess the provided care at a national level and identify deficiencies.

A Saudi multicenter experience on therapeutic plasma exchange for patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A call for national registry.

Plasmapheresis and IVIG use in cases of alloimmunization during pregnancy are effective strategies when severe early fetal anemia is anticipated. Despite no change in antibody titer levels before and after plasmapheresis, clinical response was observed in both fetuses, and both had an excellent obstetrical outcome.

Clinical response to therapeutic plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin in pregnancies complicated by alloimmunization despite persistently high titers: Report of two cases.

To systematically review evidence on the prevalence of the JAK2V617F (JAK2) mutation and polycythemia vera (PV) among all blood donors, focusing on those with elevated hematocrit. Although blood donors are generally healthy, considering a preclinical stage of myeloproliferative neoplasm, especially in those with polycythemia, is crucial. Evidence on managing these donors is limited.

Article	Year
The use of transfusion quality indicators as a tool for hemovigilance system implementation at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. Saudi medical journal\| PubMed ID: 27146617	2016
Lack of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among Blood Donors during COVID-19 Lockdown: A Study from Saudi Arabia. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 33466554	2021
The impact of blood donation on blood counts and ferritin levels: A multi-center study from the Eastern Mediterranean region. Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis\| PubMed ID: 33583715	2021
International Forum on the Collection and Use of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma: Responses. Vox sanguinis\| PubMed ID: 34013981	2021
Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Donation and Supply: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia. BioMed research international\| PubMed ID: 35036427	2022
Learning transfusion medicine through scoring objective structured clinical examination. Transfusion\| PubMed ID: 36748666	2023
Incompatible red blood cell transfusion for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn secondary to anti-U: A case report. Transfusion\| PubMed ID: 36748668	2023
Comment on: Prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections in Saudi Arabia blood donors: A nationwide, cross-sectional study. Saudi medical journal\| PubMed ID: 37062550	2023
The association between different blood group systems and susceptibility to COVID-19: a single center cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia. African health sciences\| PubMed ID: 37092112	2022
A Saudi multicenter experience on therapeutic plasma exchange for patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A call for national registry. Journal of clinical apheresis\| PubMed ID: 37317696	2023
Clinical response to therapeutic plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin in pregnancies complicated by alloimmunization despite persistently high titers: Report of two cases. Clinical case reports\| PubMed ID: 38028069	2023
JAK2-V617F mutation among blood donors: A meta-analysis. Saudi medical journal\| PubMed ID: 39658117	2024

Maha A. Badawi

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