fluorescence-based-detection-fen1-nuclease-activity-screening-small

Fluorescence-Based Detection of FEN1 Nuclease Activity and Screening of Small-Molecule Inhibitors

FEN1 (Flap Endonuclease 1) is a key DNA nuclease involved in DNA replication and damage repair, playing a crucial role in maintaining genomic stability. ...

Suzhou Vocational Health College

Selenium (Se) and cadmium (Cd) usually co-existed in soils, especially in areas with Se-rich soils in China. The potential health consequences for the local populations consuming foods rich in Se and Cd are unknown. Cardamine hupingshanensis (HUP) is Se and Cd hyperaccumulator plant that could be an ideal natural product to assess the protective effects of endogenous Se against endogenous Cd-caused bone damage. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed 5.22 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl) (Cd 3.2 mg/kg body weight (BW)), or HUP solutions containing Cd 3.2 mg/kg BW and Se 0.15, 0.29 or 0.50 mg/kg BW (corresponding to the HUP, HUP and HUP groups) interventions. Se-enriched HUP and HUP significantly decreased Cd-induced femur microstructure damage and regulated serum bone osteoclastic marker levels and osteogenesis-related genes. In addition, endogenous Se significantly decreased kidney fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) protein expression and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, and raised serum calcitriol (1,25(OH)D). Furthermore, Se also regulated gut microbiota involved in skeletal metabolism disorder. In conclusion, endogenous Se, especially with higher doses (the HUP group), positively affects bone formation and resorption by mitigating the damaging effects of endogenous Cd via the modulation of renal FGF23 expression, circulating 1,25(OH)D and PTH and gut microbiota composition.

Effects of selenium-cadmium co-enriched Cardamine hupingshanensis on bone damage in mice.

Radiation injury to the intestine is one of the most common complications in patients undergoing abdominal or pelvic cavity radiotherapy, limiting the clinical application of this treatment. Evidence shows the potential benefits of dietary restriction in improving metabolic profiles and age-related diseases. The present study investigated the effects and mechanisms of dietary restriction in radiation-induced intestinal injury. The mice were randomly divided into the control group, 10 Gy total abdominal irradiation (TAI) group, and groups pretreated with 30% caloric restriction (CR) for 7 days or 24 h fasting before TAI. After radiation, the mice were returned to ad libitum. The mice were sacrificed 3.5 days after radiation, and tissue samples were collected. CR and fasting reduced radiation-induced intestinal damage and promoted intestinal recovery by restoring the shortened colon length, improving the impaired intestinal structure and permeability, and remodeling gut microbial structure. CR and fasting also significantly reduced mitochondrial damage and DNA damage, which in turn reduced activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon gene (cGAS/STING) pathway and the production of type I interferon and other chemokines in the jejunum. Since the cGAS/STING pathway is linked with innate immunity, we further showed that CR and fasting induced polarization to immunosuppressive M2 macrophage, decreased CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and downregulated proinflammatory factors in the jejunum. Our findings indicated that CR and fasting alleviate radiation-induced intestinal damage by reducing cGAS/STING-mediated harmful immune responses.

Dietary restriction and fasting alleviate radiation-induced intestinal injury by inhibiting cGAS/STING activation.

Dysregulation or abnormality of the programmed cell death (PCD) pathway is closely related to the occurrence and development of many tumors, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Studying the abnormal characteristics of PCD pathway-related molecular markers can provide a basis for prognosis prediction and targeted drug design in AML patients.

Machine learning-based bulk RNA analysis reveals a prognostic signature of 13 cell death patterns and potential therapeutic target of SMAD3 in acute myeloid leukemia.

This review summarizes the applications and research progress of organoid models in colorectal cancer research. First, the high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer are introduced, emphasizing the importance of organoids as a research model. Second, this review provides a detailed introduction to the concept, biological properties, and applications of organoids, including their strengths in mimicking the structural and functional aspects of organs. This article further analyzes the applications of adult stem cell-derived and pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids in colorectal cancer research and discusses advancements in organoids for basic research, drug research and development, personalized treatment evaluation and prediction, and regenerative medicine. Finally, this review summarizes the prospects for applying organoid technology in colorectal cancer research, emphasizing its significant value in improving patient survival rates. In conclusion, this review systematically explains the applications of organoids in colorectal cancer research, highlighting their tremendous potential and promising prospects in basic research, drug research and development, personalized treatment evaluation and prediction, and regenerative medicine.

Organoid models: applications and research advances in colorectal cancer.

Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) and die prematurely than those without this condition. Coffee or tea consumption has been linked with lower risks of developing CVD and premature death in general populations. A meta-analysis of published prospective observational studies was performed to provide up-to-date evidence on the association between tea or coffee consumption and the risks of CVD and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with DM.

Coffee and tea consumption and cardiovascular disease and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies.

Article	Year
Effects of selenium-cadmium co-enriched Cardamine hupingshanensis on bone damage in mice. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety\| PubMed ID: 38359653	2024
Dietary restriction and fasting alleviate radiation-induced intestinal injury by inhibiting cGAS/STING activation. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry\| PubMed ID: 39053858	2024
Machine learning-based bulk RNA analysis reveals a prognostic signature of 13 cell death patterns and potential therapeutic target of SMAD3 in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC cancer\| PubMed ID: 39955536	2025
Organoid models: applications and research advances in colorectal cancer. Frontiers in oncology\| PubMed ID: 39990692	2025
Coffee and tea consumption and cardiovascular disease and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Frontiers in nutrition\| PubMed ID: 40525136	2025

Yu Sha

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