an-experimentally-validated-mathematical-model-axial-spinal

An Experimentally Validated Mathematical Model of Axial Spinal Compression to Visualize Vertebral Compression Fracture

The finite element analysis (FEA) model established in this study predicts the mechanical behavior of a vertebral body under pure compression loading. ...

University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago

Northshore University Healthsystem

The pelvic girdle and spine vertebral column work as a long chain influenced by pelvic tilt. This study aims to assess the effect of open and closed chain anterior pelvic tilt (APT) or posterior pelvic tilt (PPT) on cervical and lumbar spine kinematics using an in vitro cadaveric spine model.

Assessment of Cervical and Lumbar Kinematics in Simulated Open and Closed Kinetic Chain.

Transverse patella fractures, accounting for approximately 1% of Orthopedic injuries, pose intricate challenges due to their vital role in knee mechanics. This study aimed to compare the biomechanical performance of a construct, integrating cannulated screws and an anterior locking neutralization plate, with the conventional tension band wiring technique for treating these fractures. Experimental testing and Finite Element Analysis were employed to evaluate the constructs and gain profound insights into their mechanical behavior. Sixteen cadaveric knees were prepared, and transverse patella fractures were induced at the midpoints using a saw. The plate construct and tension band wire fixation were randomly assigned to the specimens. A cyclic test evaluated the implants' durability and stability, simulating knee movement during extension and flexion. Tensile testing assessed the implants' maximum failure force after cyclic testing, while Finite Element Analysis provided detailed insights into stress distribution and deformation patterns. Statistical analysis was exclusively performed for the experimental data. Results showed the plate enhanced stability with significantly lower deformation (0.09 ± 0.12 mm) compared to wire fixation (0.77 ± 0.54 mm) after 500 cycles (p = 0.004). In tensile testing, the construct also demonstrated higher failure resistance (1359 ± 21.53 N) than wire fixation (780.1 ± 22.62N) (p = 0.007). Finite Element Analysis highlighted distinct stress patterns, validating the construct's superiority. This research presents a promising treatment approach for transverse patella fractures with potential clinical impact and future research prospects. This study presents a promising advancement in addressing the intricate challenges of transverse patella fractures, with implications for refining clinical practice. The construct's improved stability and resistance to failure offer potential benefits in postoperative management and patient outcomes.

Comparative study of locking neutralization plate construct versus tension band wiring with a cannulated screw for patella fractures: experimental and finite element analysis.

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) occur in 1 to 1.5 million patients in the US each year and are associated with pain, disability, altered pulmonary function, secondary vertebral fracture, and increased mortality risk. A better understanding of VCFs and their management requires preclinical models that are both biomechanically analogous and accessible. We conducted a study using twelve spinal vertebrae (T12-T14) from porcine specimens. We created mathematical simulations of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) using CT scans for reconstructing native anatomy and validated the results by conducting physical axial compression experiments. The simulations accurately predicted the behavior of the physical compressions. The coefficient of determination for stiffness was 0.71, the strength correlation was 0.88, and the failure of the vertebral bodies included vertical splitting on the lateral sides or horizontal separation in the anterior wall. This finite element method has important implications for the preventative, prognostic, and therapeutic management of VCFs. This study also supports the use of porcine specimens in orthopedic biomechanical research.

Experimentally Validated Finite Element Analysis of Thoracic Spine Compression Fractures in a Porcine Model.

Utilizing large animal model like male pig for biomechanical studies offers a cost-effective approach to understanding human joint and tissue mechanics. Our study explores the osteology and meniscus anatomy of the male porcine stifle joint and compares it to human knee joint parameters, aiming to provide a valuable reference for orthopaedic research and surgical training.

Male porcine stifle joint: Insights into osteology and meniscus anatomy for orthopaedic research.

Medial malleolar fractures are a common orthopedic injury, especially in osteoporotic bone. These fractures present unique challenges due to fragile tissues and reduced bone density, increasing the risk of fixation failure. This study aims to compare the biomechanical performance of single versus double bicortical screws in medial malleolar fractures in both healthy and osteoporotic bone.

Optimizing medial malleolar fixation: Two bicortical screws improve stability in osteoporotic and healthy bone models.

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) offers advantages such as faster recovery and improved function compared to total knee arthroplasty. This study evaluates the biomechanical differences in contact pressure, force, and area between conventional and robotic-assisted UKA techniques.

Increased force and contact area in the lateral compartment may predispose to arthritis progression after balanced unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A cadaveric comparison.

In emergency departments, residents and physicians interpret X-rays to identify fractures, with distal radius fractures being the most common in children. Skilled radiologists typically ensure accurate readings in well-resourced hospitals, but rural areas often lack this expertise, leading to lower diagnostic accuracy and potential delays in treatment. Machine learning systems offer promising solutions by detecting subtle features that non-experts might miss. Recent advancements, including YOLOv8 and its attention-mechanism models, YOLOv8-AM, have shown potential in automated fracture detection. This study aims to refine the YOLOv8-AM model to improve the detection of distal radius fractures in pediatric patients by integrating targeted improvements and new attention mechanisms.

Article	Year
Assessment of Cervical and Lumbar Kinematics in Simulated Open and Closed Kinetic Chain. International journal of spine surgery\| PubMed ID: 36302601	2023
Comparative study of locking neutralization plate construct versus tension band wiring with a cannulated screw for patella fractures: experimental and finite element analysis. Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research\| PubMed ID: 38233950	2024
Experimentally Validated Finite Element Analysis of Thoracic Spine Compression Fractures in a Porcine Model. Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 38247973	2024
Male porcine stifle joint: Insights into osteology and meniscus anatomy for orthopaedic research. The Knee\| PubMed ID: 39236635	2024
Optimizing medial malleolar fixation: Two bicortical screws improve stability in osteoporotic and healthy bone models. Injury\| PubMed ID: 40339356	2025
Increased force and contact area in the lateral compartment may predispose to arthritis progression after balanced unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A cadaveric comparison. The Knee\| PubMed ID: 40466288	2025
Enhancing pediatric distal radius fracture detection: optimizing YOLOv8 with advanced AI and machine learning techniques. BMC medical imaging\| PubMed ID: 40764539	2025

Farid Amirouche

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