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Blockchain-based Framework for Generating and Managing Unlearnable Examples for Enhancing Data Privacy and Access Control

In the context of the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), contrastive learning has become widely adopted due to its ability to bypass ...

Zhengzhou University

To investigate the expression of lncRNA SNHG6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the biological function of SNHG6 in ESCCs, and evaluate its diagnostic value in ESCC.

Upregulation of long non-coding RNA SNHG6 promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell malignancy and its diagnostic value.

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG6 was significantly upregulated in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC), and it promoted ESCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. However, the effects of SNHG6 on cell apoptosis and the corresponding underlying mechanisms have not yet reported.

LncRNA SNHG6 Inhibits Apoptosis by Regulating EZH2 Expression via the Sponging of MiR-101-3p in Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma.

Evidence on the health benefits of green space in residential environments is still limited, and few studies have investigated the potential association between blue space and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence. This study included 39,019 participants who had completed the baseline survey from the Henan Rural Cohort Study, 2015-2017. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were employed to characterize the residential green space, and the distance from the participant's residential address to the nearest water body was considered to represent the residential blue space. Mixed effect models were applied to evaluate the associations of the residential environment with T2DM and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI and EVI was significantly associated with a 13.4% (odds ratio (OR): 0.866, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.830,0.903) and 14.2% (OR: 0.858, 95% CI: 0.817,0.901) decreased risk of T2DM, respectively. The residential green space was associated with lower fasting blood glucose levels in men (%change, -2.060 in men vs. -0.972 in women) and the elderly (%change, -1.696 in elderly vs. -1.268 in young people). Additionally, people who lived more than 5 km from the water body had a 15.7% lower risk of T2DM (OR: 0.843, 95% CI: 0.770,0.923) and 1.829% lower fasting blood glucose levels (95% CI: -2.335%,-1.320%) than those who lived closer to the blue space. Our findings suggest that residential green space was beneficially associated with T2DM and fasting blood glucose levels. However, further research is needed to explore more comprehensively the relationship between residential blue space and public health.

Residential Green and Blue Spaces and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Health Study in China.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin (MLT) and 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) combination on the chemotherapeutic effect of 5‑FU in esophageal cancer, and determine the potential molecular mechanisms. The effects of MLT and 5‑FU combination on cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion, and cell apoptosis were detected by Cell Counting Kit‑8, Transwell assays and flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Quantitative PCR and western blotting were performed for mRNA and protein quantification, respectively. The present study revealed that MLT significantly inhibited cell activity in a dose‑dependent manner and MLT significantly enhanced 5‑FU‑mediated inhibition of cell proliferation in esophageal cancer cells. Compared with the 5‑FU group, the MLT and 5‑FU combination group significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of EC‑9706 and EC‑109 cells. The present study also revealed that MLT and 5‑FU synergistically promoted apoptosis via activation of the caspase‑dependent apoptosis pathway. Histone-lysine N‑methyltransferase EZH2 (EZH2) was highly expressed in esophageal cancer tissues and cells and its high expression promoted esophageal cancer progression. MLT and 5‑FU combination inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis by regulating EZH2 expression. In conclusion, MLT enhanced 5‑FU‑mediated inhibition of cell proliferation via promotion of apoptosis by regulating EZH2 expression in esophageal cancer.

Melatonin sensitizes esophageal cancer cells to 5‑fluorouracil via promotion of apoptosis by regulating EZH2 expression.

The present study aimed to investigate the influence of circular RNA nuclear receptor‑interacting protein 1 (circNRIP1) on the chemotherapeutic effect of 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and reveal its potential molecular mechanisms. The effects of circNRIP1 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit‑8, Transwell and flow cytometric assays, respectively. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the potential interaction between circNRIP1 and microRNA (miR)‑532‑3p. The results of the present study indicated that circNRIP1 was upregulated in CRC and its increased expression was associated with CRC progression. Furthermore, overexpression of circNRIP1 promoted CRC cell proliferation, invasion and migration, while it inhibited apoptosis. Knockdown of circNRIP1 significantly enhanced the 5‑FU‑induced inhibition of the viability of HCT116 and SW480 cells. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR‑532‑3p was a direct target of circNRIP1, which was further confirmed by a dual‑luciferase reporter assay. miR‑532‑3p silencing reversed the effects of circNRIP1 knockdown on the sensitivity of 5‑FU in the chemotherapy of CRC. The results suggested that circNRIP1 and miR‑532‑3p may be utilized to improve the diagnosis of CRC and serve as diagnostic markers. In conclusion, overexpression of circNRIP1 promoted the progression of CRC, while circNRIP1 silencing sensitized CRC cells to 5‑FU via sponging miR‑532‑3p.

Knockdown of circNRIP1 sensitizes colorectal cancer to 5‑FU via sponging miR‑532‑3p.

Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been reported to play a vital role in the development of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Our previous study revealed that the significant upregulation of the LncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) in OSCC promotes OSCC tumourigenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying the dynamics of SNHG6 expression in OSCC have rarely been studied. In this study, we verified the tumour-promoting effect of SNHG6 through sponging miR-101-3p, and their levels were negatively correlated in human samples of OSCC. In addition, miR-101-3p overexpression reversed the effect of SNHG6. Moreover, we confirmed that SNHG6/miR-101-3p affects OSCC by regulating the expression of the enhancer of zeste 2 (EZH2). The effect of EZH2 silencing resembled closely that of SNHG6 knockdown. EZH2 silencing inhibited the expression of protein cyclin D1 and β-catenin, but in contrast, it enhanced the expression of E-cadherin. These findings demonstrated the oncogenic role of SNHG6, which promotes OSCC progression by regulating the expression of EZH2 through its interaction with miR-101-3p. These findings may help in improving the diagnosis and treatment methods of OSCC.

Long noncoding RNA SNHG6 promotes oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by downregulating the miR-101-3p/EZH2 pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most deadly cancer worldwide, drug resistance impedes treatment of CRC. It is still urgent to find new molecular targets to improve the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, circ-ERBB2 was upregulated in CRC cells. Upregulation of circ-ERBB2 promoted CRC cells proliferation and clone formation, but inhibited apoptosis. We identified miR-181a-5p as circ-ERBB2's target. The effect of miR-181a-5p on CRC cells was contrary to circ-ERBB2, miR-181a-5p downregulation abolished the function of circ-ERBB2 silencing in CRC cells. In addition, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was verified as miR-181a-5p's downstream target, circ-ERBB2 activates the Akt pathway and inhibits cell apoptosis through modulating miR-181a-5p/PTEN. Circ-ERBB2 silencing significantly reduced CRC cell resistance to 5-FU. miR-181a-5p downregulation abolished the role of circ-ERBB2 knockdown in CRC cell resistance to 5-FU. In conclusion, upregulation of circ-ERBB2 promoted the malignancy of CRC and reduced CRC cell resistance to 5-FU. Besides, additional mechanism study provided a novel regulatory pathways that circ-ERBB2 knockdown promoted CRC cell sensitivity to 5-FU by regulating miR-181a-5p/PTEN/Akt pathway. This research indicated that circ-ERBB2 may be a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

Article	Year
Upregulation of long non-coding RNA SNHG6 promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell malignancy and its diagnostic value. American journal of translational research\| PubMed ID: 30899408	2019
LncRNA SNHG6 Inhibits Apoptosis by Regulating EZH2 Expression via the Sponging of MiR-101-3p in Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma. OncoTargets and therapy\| PubMed ID: 33192074	2020
Residential Green and Blue Spaces and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Health Study in China. Toxics\| PubMed ID: 33467046	2021
Melatonin sensitizes esophageal cancer cells to 5‑fluorouracil via promotion of apoptosis by regulating EZH2 expression. Oncology reports\| PubMed ID: 33649858	2021
Knockdown of circNRIP1 sensitizes colorectal cancer to 5‑FU via sponging miR‑532‑3p. Oncology reports\| PubMed ID: 34396434	2021
Long noncoding RNA SNHG6 promotes oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by downregulating the miR-101-3p/EZH2 pathway. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology\| PubMed ID: 34766670	2022
Circ-ERBB2 knockdown sensitized colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU via miR-181a-5p/PTEN/Akt pathway. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology\| PubMed ID: 36639866	2023

Ruijia Li

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