microfluidic-chip-for-axonal-injury-models-construction-enabling

Microfluidic Chip for Axonal Injury Models Construction and Enabling Multi-Omics Analysis

Neurons polarize to form dendrites and axons, enabling intercellular communication. Axonal injury disrupts these connections and transmits damage signals ...

Beihang University

Two major factors contribute to the failure of axonal regrowth in the central nervous system (CNS), namely, the neuronal intrinsic regenerative capacity and the extrinsic local inhibitory microenvironments. However, a preconditioning peripheral nerve lesion could substantially enhance the regeneration of central axons following a subsequent spinal cord injury. In the present review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of the preconditioning injury effect on promoting axonal regeneration. The injury signal transduction resulting from preconditioning peripheral nerve injury regulates the RAG expression to enhance axonal regeneration. Importantly, preconditioning peripheral nerve injury triggers interactions between neurons and nonneuronal cells to amplify and maintain their effects. Additionally, the preconditioning injury impacts mitochondria, protein, and lipid synthesis. All these coordinated changes endow axonal regeneration.

The Mechanisms of Peripheral Nerve Preconditioning Injury on Promoting Axonal Regeneration.

Axon regeneration requires a substantial mitochondrial energy supply. However, injured mature neurons often fail to regenerate due to their inability to meet these elevated energy demands. Our findings indicate that harmine compensates for the energy deficit following axonal injury by enhancing the coupling between glucose metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis, thereby promoting axon regeneration. Notably, harmine facilitates mitochondrial biogenesis and enhances mitophagy, ensuring efficient mitochondrial turnover, and energy supply. Thus, harmine plays a crucial role in enhancing glucose metabolism to maintain mitochondrial function, demonstrating significant potential in treating mature neuronal axon injuries and sciatic nerve injuries.

Article	Year
The Mechanisms of Peripheral Nerve Preconditioning Injury on Promoting Axonal Regeneration. Neural plasticity\| PubMed ID: 33505458	2021
Harmine promotes axon regeneration through enhancing glucose metabolism. The Journal of biological chemistry\| PubMed ID: 39904483	2025

Ruixuan Liu

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