comet-assay-to-quantify-dna-damage-flt3-mutant-expressing-32d-cells

Comet Assay to Quantify DNA Damage in FLT3 Mutant-expressing 32D Cells after Exposure to Type I and Type II FLT3 Inhibitors

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), a class III receptor tyrosine kinase, exhibits a mutation frequency of approximately 30% in acute myeloid leukemia ...

Taizhou University

Most randomized trials for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have investigated highly selected patients under idealized conditions, and the findings need to be validated in the real world. We conducted a population-based study of all APL patients in Zhejiang Province, China, with a total population of 82 million people, to assess the generalization of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic as front-line treatment. The outcomes of APL patients were also analyzed. Between January 2015 and December 2019, 1,233 eligible patients were included in the final analysis. The rate of ATRA and arsenic as front-line treatment increased steadily from 66.2% in 2015 to 83.3% in 2019, with no difference among the size of the center (≥5 or <5 patients per year,  = 0.12) or age (≥60 or <60 years,  = 0.35). The early death (ED) rate, defined as death within 30 days after diagnosis, was 8.2%, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 87.9% in the whole patient population. Age (≥60 years) and white blood cell count (>10 × 10/L) were independent risk factors for ED and OS in the multivariate analysis. This population-based study showed that ATRA and arsenic as front-line treatment are widely used under real-world conditions and yield a low ED rate and a high survival rate, which mimic the results from clinical trials, thereby supporting the wider application of APL guidelines in the future.

Early Death and Survival of Patients With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in ATRA Plus Arsenic Era: A Population-Based Study.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy with high molecular and clinical heterogeneity, and is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults. Due to limited treatment options, AML is prone to relapse and has a poor prognosis. Excision repair cross-complementing 3 (ERCC3) is an important member of nucleotide excision repair (NER) that is overexpressed in types of solid cancers and potentially regarded as a prognostic factor. However, its role in AML remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore ERCC3 expression and functions in AML.

Comprehensive analysis of ERCC3 prognosis value and ceRNA network in AML.

As a core member of the FA complex, in the Fanconi anemia pathway, FAAP24 plays an important role in DNA damage repair. However, the association between FAAP24 and patient prognosis in AML and immune infiltration remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore its expression characteristics, immune infiltration pattern, prognostic value and biological function using TCGA-AML and to verify it in the Beat AML cohort.

High FAAP24 expression reveals poor prognosis and an immunosuppressive microenvironment shaping in AML.

Despite significant progress in cancer treatment, traditional therapies still face considerable challenges, including poor targeting, severe toxic side effects, and the development of resistance. Recent advances in biotechnology have revealed the potential of bacteria and their derivatives as drug delivery systems for tumor therapy by leveraging their biological properties. Engineered bacteria, including , , and , along with their derivatives─outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), bacterial ghosts (BGs), and bacterial spores (BSPs)─can be loaded with a variety of antitumor agents, enabling precise targeting and sustained drug release within the tumor microenvironment (TME). These bacteria and their derivatives possess intrinsic properties that stimulate the immune system, enhancing both innate and adaptive immune responses to further amplify therapeutic effects. The ability of bacteria to naturally accumulate in hypoxic tumor regions and their versatility in genetic modifications allow for tailored drug delivery strategies that synergistically enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. This review comprehensively examines the fundamental principles of bacterial therapy, focusing on the strategies employed for bacterial engineering, drug loading, and the use of bacteria and their derivatives in targeted tumor therapy. It also discusses the challenges faced in optimizing bacterial delivery systems, such as safety concerns, unintended immune responses, and scalability for clinical applications. By exploring these aspects, this review provides a theoretical framework for improving bacterial-based drug delivery systems, contributing to the development of more effective and personalized cancer treatments.

Article	Year
Early Death and Survival of Patients With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in ATRA Plus Arsenic Era: A Population-Based Study. Frontiers in oncology\| PubMed ID: 34868978	2021
Comprehensive analysis of ERCC3 prognosis value and ceRNA network in AML. Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico\| PubMed ID: 36472749	2023
High FAAP24 expression reveals poor prognosis and an immunosuppressive microenvironment shaping in AML. Cancer cell international\| PubMed ID: 37328842	2023
Innovative Applications of Bacteria and Their Derivatives in Targeted Tumor Therapy. ACS nano\| PubMed ID: 39874477	2025

Jingsheng Hua

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