development-validation-methodology-for-establishing-obese-rat-models

Development and Validation of a Methodology for Establishing Obese Rat Models with Typical Fatty Pancreas

Obesity has emerged as a predominant global health epidemic, with nearly half of the world's population now classified as overweight or obese. A key ...

Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of scalp acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for post-stroke cognitive impairment at different time intervals.

Effects of scalp acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on post-stroke cognitive impairment at different time intervals.

In recent years, the incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased, but the etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. In this narrative review, we review and systematically summarize the methods used to construct animal models to study ASD and the related behavioral studies based on recent literature. Utilization of various ASD animal models can complement research on the etiology, pathogenesis, and core behaviors of ASD, providing information and a foundation for further basic research and clinical treatment of ASD.

Establishment of animal models and behavioral studies for autism spectrum disorders.

Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) exert critical biological functions such as negatively regulating hormone release and cell proliferation, making them popular targets for developing therapeutics to treat endocrine disorders, especially neuroendocrine tumors. Although several panagonists mimicking the endogenous ligand somatostatin are available, the development of more effective and safer somatostatinergic therapies is limited due to a lack of molecular understanding of the ligand recognition and regulation of divergent SSTR subtypes. Here, we report four cryoelectron microscopy structures of G-coupled SSTR1 and SSTR3 activated by distinct agonists, including the FDA-approved panagonist pasireotide as well as their selective small molecule agonists L-797591 and L-796778. Our structures reveal a conserved recognition pattern of pasireotide in SSTRs attributed to the binding with a conserved extended binding pocket, distinct from SST14, octreotide, and lanreotide. Together with mutagenesis analyses, our structures further reveal the dynamic feature of ligand binding pockets in SSTR1 and SSTR3 to accommodate divergent agonists, the key determinants of ligand selectivity lying across the orthosteric pocket of different SSTR subtypes, as well as the molecular mechanism underlying diversity and conservation of receptor activation. Our work provides a framework for rational design of subtype-selective SSTR ligands and may facilitate drug development efforts targeting SSTRs with improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects.

Article	Year
Effects of scalp acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on post-stroke cognitive impairment at different time intervals. American journal of translational research\| PubMed ID: 38463600	2024
Establishment of animal models and behavioral studies for autism spectrum disorders. The Journal of international medical research\| PubMed ID: 38619175	2024
Selective ligand recognition and activation of somatostatin receptors SSTR1 and SSTR3. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America\| PubMed ID: 39361640	2024

Yujue Wang

Biography

JoVE Journal Publications

Other Publications