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Shenyang Agricultural University

The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), is an acute infectious disease transmitted by ticks that has recently been identified. There are no reports of epidemic serotypes in Liaoning Province, PR China. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify genotypes of SFTSV in this province.

Identification of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus genotypes in patients and ticks in Liaoning Province, China.

The uncertainty and unknowability of emerging infectious diseases have caused many major public health and security incidents in recent years. As a new tick-borne disease, Dabieshan tick virus (DBTV) necessitate systematic epidemiological and spatial distribution analysis. In this study, tick samples from Liaoning Province were collected and used to evaluate distribution of DBTV in ticks. Outbreak points of DBTV and the records of the vector Haemaphysalis longicornis in China were collected and used to establish a prediction model using niche model combined with environmental factors. We found that H. longicornis and DBTV were widely distributed in Liaoning Province. The risk analysis results showed that the DBTV in the eastern provinces of China has a high risk, and the risk is greatly influenced by elevation, land cover, and meteorological factors. The risk geographical area predicted by the model is significantly larger than the detected positive areas, indicating that the etiological survey is seriously insufficient. This study provided molecular and important epidemiological evidence for etiological ecology of DBTV. The predicted high-risk areas indicated the insufficient monitoring and risk evaluation and the necessity of future monitoring and control work.

Spatial risk of Haemaphysalis longicornis borne Dabieshan tick virus (DBTV) in China.

 spp. are globally distributed gram-negative facultative intracellular bacteria that infect a wide range of hosts. Rodents are natural reservoirs of many  species, some of which are also pathogenic to humans. The rapid development of transportation and tourism has highlighted the risk of  transmission to humans. Thus, it is essential to maintain surveillance of  spp. infections in rodents. In China,  spp. infections have been monitored in various areas; however, these have not included the Hulunbuir border regions. In the present study, we monitored the prevalence and genetics of rodent-associated  spp. in the Hulunbuir border regions. Eleven rodent species were captured at five ports. Eight species were confirmed as -positive using quantitative PCR assay, with an overall positivity rate of 20.05 %.  was the predominant rodent species captured for  detection Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis (using the maximum likelihood method) revealed the presence of three  species in these rodents, including two pathogenic to humans, namely,  and .  was the predominant  species identified in the rodents. Taken together, these results highlight the prevalence and genetic diversity of  spp. in rodents in the Hulunbuir border regions, indicating the need for risk assessment of human spillover.

Prevalence and genetic diversity of rodent-associated  in Hulunbuir border regions, China.

The Hulunbuir region, known for its diverse terrain and rich wildlife, is a hotspot for various natural epidemic diseases. Between 2021 and 2023, we collected 885 wild rodent samples from this area, representing three families, seven genera, and eleven species. Metagenomic analysis identified three complete nucleic acid sequences from the S, M, and L segments of the  family, which were closely related to the Khabarovsk virus. The nucleotide coding sequences for S, M, and L (1392 nt, 3465 nt, and 6491 nt, respectively) exhibited similarities of 82.34%, 81.68%, and 81.94% to known sequences, respectively, while protein-level analysis indicated higher similarities of 94.92%, 94.41%, and 95.87%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis placed these sequences within the same clade as the Khabarovsk, Puumala, Muju, Hokkaido, Topografov, and Tatenalense viruses, all of which are known to cause febrile diseases in humans. Immunofluorescence detection of nucleic acid-positive rodent kidney samples using sera from patients with hemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome confirmed the presence of viral particles. Based on these findings, we propose that this virus represents a new member of the  family, tentatively named the Amugulang virus, after its primary distribution area.

Amugulang virus, a novel hantavirus harboured by small rodents in Hulunbuir, China.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) usually have different infection routes, and coinfection is relatively rare. This study examines the clinical and etiological characteristics of coinfection by these two pathogens to provide important references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Blood samples from 22 clinically diagnosed patients with HFRS were collected for molecular detection of HFRS and common tick and mouse borne diseases. Inoculate the blood of six severe and critically patients into cells to isolate and proliferate potential viruses, and retest the cell culture to determine the pathogen. In addition, complete data were collected from these 22 HFRS and concurrent SFTS patients, and white blood cells (WBCs), platelet (PLT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and other data were compared and analyzed. A total of 31 febrile patients, including 22 HFRS patients and 9 SFTS patients, were collected from September 2021 to October 2022. Among these HFRS patients, 11 were severe or critical. Severe and critical HFRS patients were characterized by rodent exposure history, pharyngeal and conjunctival hyperemia, abnormal WBC and PLT counts, and elevated BUN and Cr values. Virus isolation and molecular detection on blood samples from 6 patients showed that three of the six severe patients were positive for hantaan virus (HTNV), and two of the three HTNV positives were also positive for SFTS bunyavirus (SFTSV). The two coinfected patients exhibited different clinical and laboratory characteristics compared to those infected by either virus alone. Coinfection of HTNV and SFTSV leads to severe and complex hemorrhagic fever. Laboratory characteristics, such as the indicators of WBC, PLT, BUN, and Cr, may differ between HFRS and SFTS. These findings have implications and provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of coinfected cases.

Clinical and etiological characteristics of severe hemorrhagic fever caused by coinfection of hantaan orthohantavirus and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.

ArticleTotal : 2	Year
Publication title	2025
Publication title	2026

Article	Year
Identification of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus genotypes in patients and ticks in Liaoning Province, China. Parasites & vectors\| PubMed ID: 35379310	2022
Spatial risk of Haemaphysalis longicornis borne Dabieshan tick virus (DBTV) in China. Journal of medical virology\| PubMed ID: 38235541	2024
Prevalence and genetic diversity of rodent-associated in Hulunbuir border regions, China. Heliyon\| PubMed ID: 39166044	2024
Amugulang virus, a novel hantavirus harboured by small rodents in Hulunbuir, China. Emerging microbes & infections\| PubMed ID: 39178299	2024
Clinical and etiological characteristics of severe hemorrhagic fever caused by coinfection of hantaan orthohantavirus and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Journal of medical virology\| PubMed ID: 39291826	2024

Feng Jiang

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