awake-rat-model-ischemic-stroke-with-neuropsychiatric-complications

Awake Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke with Neuropsychiatric Complications During a Seven-Day Observation

The translational model of experimental stroke in rats induced by a gas embolism was created to clarify the features of stroke's development and to ...

Russian Federation

Russian Academy of Sciences

It is important that the method of anesthesia of mice does not considerably alter the animal's physiological and metabolic status before terminal blood sampling taken in order to analyze clinical pathology parameters.

Using Tiletamine-Zolazepam-Xylazine Anesthesia Compared to CO-inhalation for Terminal Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, and Coagulation Analysis in Mice.

The success in treatment of venous thromboembolism and acute coronary syndromes using direct thrombin inhibitors has stimulated research aimed at finding a new anticoagulant from haematophagous organisms. This study deals with the comparison between hirudin-1 from (desirudin), being the first-known and most well-studied natural anticoagulant, along with recombinant analogs of haemadin from the leech , variegin from the tick , and anophelin from . These polypeptides were chosen due to their high specificity and affinity for thrombin, as well as their distinctive inhibitory mechanisms. We have developed a universal scheme for the biotechnological production of these recombinant peptides as pharmaceutical substances. The anticoagulant activities of these peptides were compared using the thrombin amidolytic activity assay and prolongation of coagulation time (thrombin time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time) in mouse and human plasma. The preliminary results obtained suggest haemadin as the closest analog of recombinant hirudin-1, the active substance of the medicinal product Iprivask (Aventis Pharmaceuticals, USA) for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacement surgery. In contrast, variegin can be regarded as a natural analog of bivalirudin (Angiomax, The Medicines Company), a synthetic hirudin-1 derivative certified for the treatment of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and of patients with unstable angina pectoris after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Screening of the Promising Direct Thrombin Inhibitors from Haematophagous Organisms. Part I: Recombinant Analogues and Their Antithrombotic Activity In Vitro.

Evidence to date indicates that activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) can reduce cardiac injury from ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. The use of nAChR agonists in various animal models leads to a reduction in reperfusion injury. Earlier this effect was shown for the agonists of α7 nAChR subtype. In this work, we demonstrated the expression of mRNA encoding α4, α6 and β2 nAChR subunits in the left ventricle of rat heart. In a rat model of myocardial ischemia, we studied the effect of α4β2 nAChR agonists cytisine and varenicline, medicines used for the treatment of nicotine addiction, and found them to significantly reduce myocardium ischemia-reperfusion injury, varenicline manifesting a higher protection. Dihydro-β-erythroidine, antagonist of α4β2 nAChR, as well as methyllycaconitine, antagonist of α7 and α6β2-containing nAChR, prevented protective effect of varenicline. This together with the presence of α4, α6 and β2 subunit mRNA in the left ventricule of rat heart raises the possibility that the varenicline effect is mediated by α4β2 as well as by α7 and/or α6β2-containing receptors. Our results point to a new way for the use of cytisine and varenicline as cardioprotective agents.

Article	Year
Using Tiletamine-Zolazepam-Xylazine Anesthesia Compared to CO-inhalation for Terminal Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, and Coagulation Analysis in Mice. Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods\| PubMed ID: 27773843	2017
Screening of the Promising Direct Thrombin Inhibitors from Haematophagous Organisms. Part I: Recombinant Analogues and Their Antithrombotic Activity In Vitro. Biomedicines\| PubMed ID: 35052692	2021
Anti-smoking drugs cytisine and varenicline reduce cardiac reperfusion injury in rat model of myocardial ischemia. Biochimie\| PubMed ID: 37871826	2024

Alina M. Ismailova

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