treatment-middle-segment-pancreatic-benign-tumor-using-laparoscopic

Treatment of Middle-segment Pancreatic Benign Tumor Using Laparoscopic Central Pancreatectomy with End-to-end Pancreatic Duct Reconstruction

Benign and low-grade malignant tumors of the middle-segment pancreatic body represent a prognostically favorable subset of pancreatic neoplasms. For such ...

Guangzhou Medical University

TP53 gene mutation is one of the most common mutations in human bladder cancer (BC) and has been implicated in the progression and prognosis of BC.

A TP53-Associated Immune Prognostic Signature for the Prediction of Overall Survival and Therapeutic Responses in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma whose pathogenesis is not well understood. We aimed at identifying novel immune-related biomarkers that could be valuable in the diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC.

Functional Assessment of Four Novel Immune-Related Biomarkers in the Pathogenesis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Accumulating evidences indicates that the immune landscape signature dramatically correlates with tumorigenesis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we identified a novel immune-related gene-based prognostic signature (IRGPS) to predict biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy. We also explored the correlation between IRGPS and tumor microenvironment. We identified an IRGPS consisting of seven immune-related genes (PPARGC1A, AKR1C2, COMP, EEF1A2, IRF5, NTM, and TPX2) that were related to the BCR-free survival of PCa patients. The high-risk patients exhibited a higher fraction of regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages than the low-risk BCR patients (P < 0.05) as well as a lower fraction of resting memory CD4 T cells and resting mast cells. These high-risk patients also had higher expression levels of CTLA4, TIGIT, PDCD1, LAG3, and TIM3. Finally, a strong correlation was detected between IRGPS and specific clinicopathological features, including Gleason scores and tumor stage. In conclusion, our study reveals the clinical significance and potential functions of the IRGPS, provides more data for predicting outcomes, and suggests more effective immunotherapeutic target strategies for PCa.

A novel immune-related gene-based prognostic signature to predict biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

Although serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing could decrease the morality of prostate cancer (PCa), its low specificity usually led to misdiagnosis due to prostatitis or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) as an alternative prostate tumor-specificity biomarker could be used to increase the specificity of PCa diagnosis, however, it usually required sophisticated operation and expensive equipment for routine detection. Herein, we constructed an early detection platform for prostate cancer with reverse transcriptase-recombinase aided amplification (RT-RAA) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 based nucleic acid test strip. The amplicons of PCA3 and kallikrein related peptidase 3 (KLK3) gene, which amplified simultaneously by single-amplification unit of RT-RAA were specifically recognized by Cas9-sgRNA and visual on the nucleic acid test strip by naked eyes without instruments. Simultaneously detection of PCA3 and KLK3 gene could improve specificity and accuracy of the diagnosis but avoid mutual interference. In addition, the platform presented a detection limit of 500 fg/μL and 50 fg/μL in PCA3 and KLK3 gene, respectively. Furthermore, the analysis result of signal ratio of PCA3 to KLK3 gene of urine and peripheral blood specimens from 32 men with suspected prostate cancer on test strips illustrated that the area under the curve values of urine and peripheral blood specimens were 0.998 and 1.0 respectively. In summary, our study highlighted a facile strategy to design an accurate prostate cancer gene detection platform which had the potential to conduct prostate cancer early detection in the resource-limited or other point-of-care testing (POCT) environments.

Accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer with CRISPR-based nucleic acid test strip by simultaneously identifying PCA3 and KLK3 genes.

Oxidative stress damage to renal epithelial cells is the main pathological factor of calcium oxalate calculi formation. The development of medicine that could alleviate oxidative damage has become the key to the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis. Herein, porous nanorods CeO nanoparticles (CNPs) were selected from CeO with different morphologies as an antioxidant reagent to suppress kidney calcium oxalate crystal depositions with excellent oxidation resistance due to its larger specific surface area. The reversible transformation from Ce to Ce could catalyze the decomposition of excess free radicals and act as a biological antioxidant enzyme basing on its strong ability to scavenge free radicals. The protection capability of CNP against oxalate-induced damage and the effect of CNP on calcium oxalate crystallization were studied. CNP could effectively reduce reactive oxygen species production, restore mitochondrial membrane potential polarity, recover cell cycle progression, reduce cell death, and inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate crystals on the cell surface in vitro. The results of high-throughput sequencing of mRNA showed that CNPs could protect renal epithelial cells from oxidative stress damage caused by high oxalate by suppressing the expression gene of cell surface adhesion proteins. In addition, CNP can significantly reduce the pathological damage of renal tubules and inhibit the deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in rat kidneys while having no significant side effect on other organs and physiological indicators in vivo. Our results provide a new strategy for CNP as a potential for clinical prevention of crystalline kidney injury and crystal deposition.

Cerium oxide-based nanozyme suppresses kidney calcium oxalate crystal depositions via reversing hyperoxaluria-induced oxidative stress damage.

Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most common malignant tumors of the genitourinary system worldwide. In recent years, the rate of BC incidence has increased, and the recurrence rate is high, resulting in poor quality of life for patients. Therefore, how to develop an effective method to achieve synchronous precise diagnoses and BC therapies is a difficult problem to solve clinically. Previous reports usually focus on the role of nanomaterials as drug delivery carriers, while a summary of the functional design and application of nanomaterials is lacking. Summarizing the application of functional nanomaterials in high-sensitivity diagnosis and multimodality therapy of BC is urgently needed. This review summarizes the application of nanotechnology in BC diagnosis, including the application of nanotechnology in the sensoring of BC biomarkers and their role in monitoring BC. In addition, conventional and combination therapies strategy in potential BC therapy are analyzed. Moreover, different kinds of nanomaterials in BC multimodal therapy according to pathological features of BC are also outlined. The goal of this review is to present an overview of the application of nanomaterials in the theranostics of BC to provide guidance for the application of functional nanomaterials to precisely diagnose and treat BC.

Designing Intelligent Nanomaterials to Achieve Highly Sensitive Diagnoses and Multimodality Therapy of Bladder Cancer.

Research on the link between blood cell traits and cancer risk has gained significant attention. Traditional epidemiological and cell biology studies, have identified correlations between blood traits and cancer risks. These findings are important as they suggest potential risk factors and biological mechanisms. However, these studies often can't confirm causality, pointing to the need for further investigation to understand these relationships better.

Prospective study on the association between 36 human blood cell traits and pan-cancer outcomes: a mendelian randomization analysis.

Telomerase demonstrates potential as a non-invasive urinary biomarker for urothelial carcinoma (UC); however, current detection methods are either labor-intensive or exhibit suboptimal performance. There is a need for alternative approaches to enable rapid and early diagnosis of UC. In this study, we propose TE-RPA, which combines telomerase extension (TE) with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for one-tube isothermal amplification. The GC content and length of the telomerase substrate were first considered during the screening process. TE-RPA exponential amplification was initiated by the addition of MgOAc along with a forward primer derived from the products of telomerase-mediated extension and a corresponding reverse primer. The amplification product from TE-RPA was subsequently detected using CRISPR-Cas12a system for trans-cleavage of signal probes on the surface of screen-printed electrode in an electrochemical biosensor, resulting in a current change that reflects the corresponding concentration of telomerase. The TE-RPA/CRISPR-Cas12a/electrochemical sensing platform achieves a limit of detection (LOD) for telomerase activity as low as a single-cell level. In addition, the platform attained an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.9589 in a clinical evaluation involving urine samples from 43 suspected UC patients. Overall, our proposed platform not only offers an efficient method for telomerase isothermal amplification but also provides a portable and precise diagnostic tool for UC.

TE-RPA: One-tube telomerase extension recombinase polymerase amplification-based electrochemical biosensor for precise diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma.

Overcoming tumor cell resistance to apoptosis and immunosuppression remains a formidable challenge in tumor immunotherapy. There is a critical need to explore alternative cell death pathways to remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME), ultimately improving therapeutic efficacy. Emerging non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) modalities, including ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and immunogenic cell death (ICD), have been recognized as promising strategies for tumor immunotherapy. Mild photothermal therapy (mPTT) can reshape the ITME to trigger antitumor immunity, but its clinical use is blocked by tumor cell thermotolerance. To address this, we developed a synergistic immuno-photothermal therapy within the framework of non-apoptotic RCD, aiming to modulate the ITME. It shows remarkable capabilities in catalyzing ROS generation. Under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, ROS production was further enhanced, leading to increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) accumulation and glutathione (GSH) depletion, collectively triggering ferroptosis. Notably, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are suppressed during ferroptosis, which further amplifies the potency of mPTT to overcome the thermotolerance hurdle presented by tumor cells. Moreover, this synergistic effect activated the Caspase-1/GSDMD-dependent pathway, consequently inducing pyroptosis. The interplay between pyroptosis and ferroptosis amplified the ICD response, resulting in the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and contributing to the remodeling of the ITME. RNA sequencing also corroborated the system's involvement in pivotal gene alterations related to ferroptosis and pyroptosis. Overall, this work is expected not only to overcome tumor cell thermotolerance during mPTT but also to address long-standing challenges in tumor treatment by extensively activating non-apoptotic RCD modalities and remodeling the ITME.

Photothermal-triggered non-apoptotic regulated cell death-related pathway regulation boosts systemic antitumor immunity.

Pathogenic bacterial infections, which can perpetuate a harmful cycle of inflammation and hinder wound healing. Consequently, constructing a multifunctional strategy that can both eradicate bacteria and alleviate excessive inflammation holds great significance for wound healing. Herein, this study developed multifunctional metal-phenolic nanopreparations (Quer-Fe NPs). Through the one-pot coordination of quercetin (Quer) and Fe, Quer-Fe NPs possess outstanding photothermal properties and reactive oxygen species scavenging capability. After the photothermal destruction of the biofilm, Quer-Fe NPs can ultimately exhibit good broad-spectrum antibacterial effects against  (99.23%),  (90.34%), and  (72.62%). RNA sequencing indicates that under the photothermal treatment of Quer-Fe NPs, it can interfere with the bacterial metabolic process and genetic material repair process, affect bacterial proliferation and biofilm diffusion, thereby achieving excellent antibacterial outcomes. Additionally, Quer-Fe NPs can also upregulate the anti-inflammatory genes and downregulate the pro-inflammatory genes in macrophages, and promote the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 to relieve inflammation. The in vivo wound healing treatment experiment demonstrates that this nanoformulation can accelerate the wound healing process. In this groundbreaking study, an ingeniously contrived minimalist methodology was formulated to synthesize multifunctional metal-phenolic nanozymes. These nanozymes incorporate highly efficacious photothermal antibacterial activity, bacterium-ensnaring capabilities, along with anti-inflammatory attributes, thereby spotlighting their prodigious potential in the remediation of bacterial infections.

Article	Year
A TP53-Associated Immune Prognostic Signature for the Prediction of Overall Survival and Therapeutic Responses in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Frontiers in immunology\| PubMed ID: 33391264	2020
Functional Assessment of Four Novel Immune-Related Biomarkers in the Pathogenesis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology\| PubMed ID: 33796525	2021
A novel immune-related gene-based prognostic signature to predict biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII\| PubMed ID: 33934205	2021
Accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer with CRISPR-based nucleic acid test strip by simultaneously identifying PCA3 and KLK3 genes. Biosensors & bioelectronics\| PubMed ID: 36327902	2023
Cerium oxide-based nanozyme suppresses kidney calcium oxalate crystal depositions via reversing hyperoxaluria-induced oxidative stress damage. Journal of nanobiotechnology\| PubMed ID: 36482378	2022
Designing Intelligent Nanomaterials to Achieve Highly Sensitive Diagnoses and Multimodality Therapy of Bladder Cancer. Small methods\| PubMed ID: 36599700	2023
Prospective study on the association between 36 human blood cell traits and pan-cancer outcomes: a mendelian randomization analysis. BMC cancer\| PubMed ID: 39578790	2024
TE-RPA: One-tube telomerase extension recombinase polymerase amplification-based electrochemical biosensor for precise diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma. Biosensors & bioelectronics\| PubMed ID: 39662170	2025
Photothermal-triggered non-apoptotic regulated cell death-related pathway regulation boosts systemic antitumor immunity. Materials today. Bio\| PubMed ID: 41281661	2025
In Situ Self-Assembled Phytopolyphenol-Coordinated Nanoagents for Healing Bacterial Infections and Inhibiting Inflammation via Photothermal Therapy. ACS applied bio materials\| PubMed ID: 41317361	2025

Wenzhe Chen

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