evaluation-electroacupuncture-effect-on-cerebral-blood-flow-appps1

Evaluation of the Electroacupuncture Effect on Cerebral Blood Flow in APP/PS1 Mice by Using the Laser Speckle Technique

Alzheimer&#39;s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and cerebrovascular dysfunction, including reduced cerebral blood flow ...

Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) in hippocampal CA 1 area and cerebral cortex in APP 695 V717 I transgenic mice, so as to investigate its underlying mechanism in improving Alzheimer's disease (AD).

[Effect of electroacupuncture on the behavior and the expression of amyloid beta-protein, amyloid precursor protein and ChAT in APP 695 V 717 I transgenic mice].

To investigate the ultrastructural basis underlying electroacupuncture (EA) induced improvement of Alzheimer disease (AD) in transgenic mice.

[Effect of electroacupuncture on the behavior and hippocampal ultrastructure in APP 695 V 717 I transgenic mice].

To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Baihui" (GV 20) and "Yongquan" (KI 1) on the expression of amyloid beta protein (Abeta) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein 1 (LRP 1) in the hippocampal sulcus microvessels in amyloid precursor protein (APP) 695 V717 I transgenic mice, so as to study its mechanism underlying relief of Alzheimer Disease (AD).

[Effect of electroacupuncture on learning-memory ability, and Abeta and LRP1 immunoactivity in hippocampal sulcus microvessels in APP transgenic mice].

. To explore the alterations of -amyloid (A) and low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) in APP/PS1 mice after electroacupuncture (EA) treatment and further to explore the mechanism. . Forty 6-month-old APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into a model group and an EA group, with twenty wild-type mice used as a normal control group. Mice in the EA group were treated with EA at GV 20 () and bilateral KI 1 () acupoints for 6 weeks. The Morris water maze was applied to assess the spatial memory in behavior. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), ELISA, Western blotting, and so forth were used to observe the expression of LRP1 and A. . The Morris water maze test showed that, compared with the normal control group, the model group's learning and memory capabilities were significantly decreased ( < 0.05;  < 0.01). The EA group was reversed ( < 0.05;  < 0.01). The hippocampal expression of A in the EA group was significantly decreased compared to the model group ( < 0.01). The expression of LRP1 in the model group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group ( < 0.01); the expression in the EA group was significantly higher than that in the model group ( < 0.01). . EA therapy can improve the learning and memory capabilities of APP/PS1 mice. The underlying mechanism may lie in the upregulation of an A transport receptor and LRP1.

Improvement of Electroacupuncture on APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice in Spatial Learning and Memory Probably due to Expression of A and LRP1 in Hippocampus.

From the perspective of β-amyloid (Aβ) toxicity and synaptic plasticity, the mechanism of electroacupuncture to improve learning and memory ability in the early pathological stages of Alzheimer's disease was explored.

[Effects of electroacupuncture at "Baihui" and "Yongquan" on the levels of synaptic plasticity related proteins postsynaptic density-95 and synaptophysin in hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice].

To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expression of β-amyloid (Aβ) and autophagy-related proteins in hippocampal cells of Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, so as to explore its underlying mechanisms.

[Effects of electroacupuncture on the expression of β-amyloid and autophagy-related proteins in hippocampal cells of mice with Alzheimer's disease].

To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture（EA） in improving learning-memory ability in Alzheimer's disease （AD） mice from the perspective of endosomal-lysosomal system.

[Electroacupuncture at "Baihui"（GV20） and "Yongquan"（KI1） improves learning-memory ability of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice by regulating endosomal-lysosomal system].

Recently, the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture on the effects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment have not been fully elucidated. Defects in ALP (autophagy-lysosomal pathway) and TFEB (transcription factor EB) play critical roles in AD. Our previous studies have demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) can ameliorate both β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology and cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice. However, the effects of EA on the expression of ALP and TFEB and their potential mechanisms require further investigation. Twenty-eight male APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into Tg and Tg + EA groups, and 14 C57BL/6 mice served as the wild-type (WT) group. After 1 week of adaptation to the living environment, mice in the Tg + EA group were restrained in mouse bags and received manual acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) acupoint and EA stimulation at bilateral Yongquan (KI1) acupoints, using the same restraint method for WT and Tg groups. The intervention was applied for 15 min each time, every other day, lasting for six weeks. After intervention, the spatial learning and memory of the mice was assessed using the Morris water maze test. Hippocampal Aβ expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe autophagic vacuoles and autolysosomes in the hippocampus. Immunofluorescence method was applied to examine the expression of TFEB in CA1 region of the hippocampus and the co-localization of CTSD or LAMP1 with Aβ. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the changes of LC3, p62, CTSD, LAMP1, TFEB and n-TFEB (nuclear TFEB) in the hippocampus. The findings of behavioral assessment indicated that EA alleviated the cognitive impairment of APP/PS1 mice. Compared with the WT group, the Tg group showed significant cognitive decline and abnormalities in ALP and TFEB function (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). However, these abnormal changes were alleviated in the Tg + EA group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The Tg group also showed more senile plaques and ALP dysfunction features, compared with the WT group, and these changes were alleviated by EA. In conclusion, this study highlights that EA ameliorated Aβ pathology-related cognitive impairments in the APP/PS1 model associated with ALP and TFEB dysfunction.

Article	Year
[Effect of electroacupuncture on the behavior and the expression of amyloid beta-protein, amyloid precursor protein and ChAT in APP 695 V 717 I transgenic mice]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research\| PubMed ID: 19761106	2009
[Effect of electroacupuncture on the behavior and hippocampal ultrastructure in APP 695 V 717 I transgenic mice]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research\| PubMed ID: 20128289	2009
[Effect of electroacupuncture on learning-memory ability, and Abeta and LRP1 immunoactivity in hippocampal sulcus microvessels in APP transgenic mice]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research\| PubMed ID: 21717775	2011
Improvement of Electroacupuncture on APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice in Spatial Learning and Memory Probably due to Expression of A and LRP1 in Hippocampus. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM\| PubMed ID: 27829865	2016
[Effects of electroacupuncture at "Baihui" and "Yongquan" on the levels of synaptic plasticity related proteins postsynaptic density-95 and synaptophysin in hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research\| PubMed ID: 32333537	2020
[Effects of electroacupuncture on the expression of β-amyloid and autophagy-related proteins in hippocampal cells of mice with Alzheimer's disease]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research\| PubMed ID: 36571218	2022
[Electroacupuncture at "Baihui"（GV20） and "Yongquan"（KI1） improves learning-memory ability of APP/PS1 double transgenic mice by regulating endosomal-lysosomal system]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research\| PubMed ID: 37614137	2023
Electroacupuncture ameliorates cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mouse by modulating TFEB levels to relieve ALP dysfunction. Brain research\| PubMed ID: 37992796	2024

Weiguo Xue

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