standardized-protocol-for-monitoring-muscle-fatigue-biomechanics

Standardized Protocol For Monitoring Muscle Fatigue and Biomechanics In Amateur Cyclists Using Infrared Thermography

The use of stationary bikes has increased significantly, making physical activity more accessible to the general population. However, the lack of precise, ...

Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro

Photothermal techniques allow the detection of characteristics of material without invading it. Researchers have developed hardware for some specific Phase and Amplitude detection (Lock-In Function) applications, eliminating space and unnecessary electronic functions, among others. This work shows the development of a Digital Lock-In Amplifier based on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for low-frequency applications. This system allows selecting and generating the appropriated frequency depending on the kind of experiment or material studied. The results show good frequency stability in the order of 1.0 × 10(-9) Hz, which is considered good linearity and repeatability response for the most common Laboratory Amplitude and Phase Shift detection devices, with a low error and standard deviation.

Dual-Phase Lock-In Amplifier Based on FPGA for Low-Frequencies Experiments.

The present manuscript focuses on reviewing the optical techniques proposed to monitor milk quality in dairy farms to increase productivity and reduce costs. As is well known, the quality is linked to the fat and protein concentration; in addition, this issue is crucial to maintaining a healthy herd and preventing illnesses such as mastitis and ketosis. Usually, the quality of the milk is carried out with invasive methods employing chemical reagents that increase the time analysis. As a solution, several spectroscopy optical methods have been proposed, here, the benefits such as non-invasive measurement, online implementation, rapid estimation, and cost-effective execution. The most attractive optical methods to estimate fat and protein in cow's milk are compared and discussed considering their performance. The analysis is divided considering the wavelength operation (ultraviolet, visible, and infrared). Moreover, the weaknesses and strengths of the methods are fully analyzed. Finally, we provide the trends and a recent technique based on spectroscopy in the visible wavelength.

Article	Year
Dual-Phase Lock-In Amplifier Based on FPGA for Low-Frequencies Experiments. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 26999138	2016
Optical Methods Based on Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near-Infrared Spectra to Estimate Fat and Protein in Raw Milk: A Review. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 32545713	2020

Gonzalo Macias Bobadilla

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