trpa1-chemotherapy-induced-peripheral-neuropathy-promising-target-for

TRPA1 in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Promising Target for Immunomodulation and Anti-Inflammatory Therapy

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and serious clinical condition that results when a chemotherapeutic agent damages the ...

College of Acupuncture and Massage of Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medicine

Ferroptosis is a form of cell death, , programmed cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and iron dependence, which has unique morphological and biochemical properties. This unique mode of cell death is driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation and regulated by multiple cell metabolic pathways, including redox homeostasis, iron metabolism, mitochondrial activity, and the metabolism of amino acids, lipids, and sugars. Many organ injuries and degenerative pathologies are caused by ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is closely related to central nervous system injury diseases and is currently an important topic of research globally. This research examined the relationships between ferroptosis and the occurrence and treatment of central nervous system injury diseases. Additionally, ferroptosis was assessed from the aspect of theory proposal, mechanism of action, and related signaling pathways per recent research. This review provides a relevant theoretical basis for further research on this theory, the prospect of its development, and the prevention and treatment of such diseases.

The role of ferroptosis in central nervous system damage diseases.

Pain has been a prominent medical concern since ancient times. Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of pain in contemporary medicine, there is no a therapeutic cure for chronic pain. Chinese herbaceous peony, a traditional Chinese analgesic herb has been in clinical use for millennia, with widespread application and substantial efficacy. Paeoniflorin (PF), the main active ingredient of Chinese herbaceous peony, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, analgesic, and antispasmodic properties, among others. The analgesic effect of PF, involving multiple critical targets and pain regulatory pathways, has been a hot spot for current research. This article reviews the literature related to the analgesic effect of PF in the past decade and discusses the molecular mechanism of the analgesic effect of PF, including the protective effects of nerve cells, inhibition of inflammatory reactions, antioxidant effects, reduction of excitability in nociceptor, inhibition of the nociceptive excitatory neuroreceptor system, activation of the nociceptive inhibitory neuroreceptor system and regulation of other receptors involved in nociceptive sensitization. Thus, providing a theoretical basis for pain prevention and treatment research. Furthermore, the prospect of PF-based drug development is presented to propose new ideas for clinical analgesic therapy.

The analgesic effect of paeoniflorin: A focused review.

The aim of this study is to systematically retrieve, synthesize, and assess methodologies employed in the development of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (PIPNP) animal models, with the objective of optimizing protocols for model construction and evaluation. A structured search strategy was implemented using the terms "Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain" OR "Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain" AND "animal models" OR "rats" OR "mice" OR "experimental animals" across the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases. Identical search criteria were applied to the PubMed and Web of Science platforms. The literature search covered publications from database inception through December 31, 2024. A total of 128 articles were reviewed, including 18 in Chinese and 110 in English. All studies employed rodent models, including 16 strains and including both sexes, with ages ranging from 5 weeks to 10 months. In rats, 28 distinct modeling protocols were identified: 4 involving continuous paclitaxel injections, 23 employing alternate-day injections, and 1 using a single administration. For mice, 21 methods were recorded, comprising 6 continuous, 13 alternate-day, and 2 single-injection protocols. Upon successful model induction, six behavioral pain alterations were consistently documented, evaluated using 16 different assessment techniques. Current PIPNP models predominantly utilize 6- to 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with paclitaxel administered at 2 mg/kg on either days 0, 2, 4, and 6 or days 1, 3, 5, and 7. Based on data mining and comparative evaluation of modeling approaches, the use of 6- to 8-week-old male SD rats or 8- to 10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice with paclitaxel administered at 2 mg/kg on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 is recommended for establishing PIPNP models. The translational alignment between PIPNP models and clinical phenotypes remains insufficient and requires further refinement.

Evaluation and application analysis of animal models of PIPNP based on data mining.

The complexity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which is composed of mainly tumor cells, immune cells, and cytokines, is a major obstacle limiting the effectiveness of immunotherapy, and the interactions among these factors in the TIME determine the efficacy of antitumor immunity. Over the past few years, nanomaterials, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, multifunctionality, and good targeting ability, have gradually become important tools for modulating the immune microenvironment. By precisely delivering immunomodulatory factors, nanomaterials can effectively activate dendritic cells (DCs), enhance the function of effector T cells, and reverse the immunosuppressive state of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In addition, nanomaterials can alleviate the local hypoxic and acidic tumor microenvironment, which in turn promotes immune cell function and enhances the antitumor immune effect. In light of the aforementioned associations, we summarize the existing studies, systematically describe the latest research progress on the use of nanomaterials in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment, and analyze the potential applications and challenges in tumor immunotherapy, with the goal of providing new therapeutic directions and strategies for tumor immunotherapy.

Modulation of the immune microenvironment using nanomaterials: a new strategy for tumor immunotherapy.

Peripheral Nerve Injury (PNI) is a common condition in modern clinical practice, characterized by a high incidence and significant debilitating consequences. This narrative review systematically delineates the dual functions of key pro-inflammatory (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17) and anti-inflammatory (e.g., IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) interleukins in the spatiotemporal context of nerve injury. This is a narrative review, the review systematically summarizes the dual pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles of interleukins in peripheral nerve injury. The therapeutic potential of interleukin-based treatment strategies, including inhibitors, agonists, and their combined applications with cell therapy, gene therapy, physical therapy, etc., was explored, and the limitations of current research and future research directions were pointed out. By synthesizing current evidence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive mechanistic overview and highlight emerging interleukin-centric therapeutic paradigms for PNI.

Article	Year
The role of ferroptosis in central nervous system damage diseases. PeerJ\| PubMed ID: 38313006	2024
The analgesic effect of paeoniflorin: A focused review. Open life sciences\| PubMed ID: 39220595	2024
Evaluation and application analysis of animal models of PIPNP based on data mining. Open life sciences\| PubMed ID: 40667489	2025
Modulation of the immune microenvironment using nanomaterials: a new strategy for tumor immunotherapy. Frontiers in immunology\| PubMed ID: 40672947	2025
The role of interleukins in peripheral nerve injury and the current status of treatment. Frontiers in immunology\| PubMed ID: 41573554	2025

Shengbo Jin

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