establishment-evaluation-sheep-model-full-thickness-osteochondral

Establishment and Evaluation of a Sheep Model of Full-thickness Osteochondral Defect

Aging, trauma, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle impact the human body&#180;s cartilage degradation. Once injured, continuous insults resulting from ...

Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná

To perform a comparative assessment of two surgical techniques that are used creating an acute myocardial infarc by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery in order to generate rats with a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 40%.

Comparison of two surgical techniques for creating an acute myocardial infarct in rats.

 To evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on fertility in experimental retrocervical endometriosis.  A total of 27 New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: endometriosis, in which endometrial implants were created; mesenchymal, in which MSCs were applied in addition to the creation of endometrial implants; and control, the group without endometriosis. Fisher's exact test was performed to compare the dichotomous qualitative variables among the groups. The quantitative variables were compared by the nonparametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The Mann-Whitney test was used for post-hoc multiple comparison with Boniferroni correction.  Regarding the beginning of the fertile period, the three groups had medians of 14 ± 12.7, 40 ± 5, and 33 ± 8.9 days respectively ( = 0.005). With regard to fertility (number of pregnancies), the endometriosis and control groups showed a rate of 77.78%, whereas the mesenchymal group showed a rate of 11.20% ( = 0.015). No differences in Keenan's histological classification were observed among the groups ( = 0.730). With regard to the macroscopic appearance of the lesions, the mesenchymal group showed the most pelvic adhesions.  The use of MSCs in endometriosis negatively contributed to fertility, suggesting the role of these cells in the development of this disease.

The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Fertility in Experimental Retrocervical Endometriosis.

Pharmacological approaches are partially effective in limiting infarct size. Cell therapies using a cell population enriched with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) CD133 have opened new perspectives for the treatment of ischemic areas after infarction. This preclinical study evaluated the effect of intramyocardial transplantation of purified or expanded human umbilical cord blood-derived CD133 cells on the recovery of rats following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Histology studies, electrocardiogram, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to evaluate heart recovery. Purified CD133 cells, enriched in endothelial progenitor cells, when expanded  acquired an endothelial-like cell phenotype expressing CD31 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). The group of infarcted rats that received expanded CD133 cells had a more significant recovery of contraction performance and less heart remodeling than the group that received purified CD133 cells. Either purified or expanded CD133 cells were able to induce neovascularization in the infarcted myocardium in an equivalent manner. Few human cells were detected in the infarcted myocardium of the rats 28 days after transplantation suggesting that the effects observed might be related primarily to paracrine activity. Although both cell populations ameliorated the infarcted heart and are suitable for regeneration of the vascular system, expanded CD133 cells are more beneficial and promising candidates for vascular regeneration.

Expanded CD133 Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood Improved Heart Function in Rats after Severe Myocardial Infarction.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) research has demonstrated the potential of these cells to modulate lung inflammatory processes and tissue repair; however, the underlying mechanisms and treatment durability remain unknown. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of human bone marrow-derived MSCs in the inflammatory process and pulmonary remodeling of asthmatic BALB/c mice up to 14 d after transplantation. Our study used ovalbumin to induce allergic asthma in male BALB/c mice. MSCs were injected intratracheally in the asthma groups. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and cytology was performed to measure the total protein, hydrogen peroxide (HO), and proinflammatory (IL-5, IL-13, and IL-17A) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) interleukin (IL) levels. The lungs were removed for the histopathological evaluation. On day zero, the eosinophil and lymphochte percentages, total protein concentrations, and IL-13 and IL-17A levels in the BALF were significantly increased in the asthma group, proving the efficacy of the experimental model of allergic asthma. On day 7, the MSC-treated group exhibited significant reductions in the eosinophil, lymphocyte, total protein, HO, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-17A levels in the BALF, while the IL-10 levels were significantly increased. On day 14, the total cell numbers and lymphocyte, total protein, IL-13, and IL-17A levels in the BALF in the MSC-treated group were significantly decreased. A significant decrease in airway remodeling was observed on days 7 and 14 in almost all bronchioles, which showed reduced inflammatory infiltration, collagen deposition, muscle and epithelial thickening, and mucus production. These results demonstrate that treatment with a single injection of MSCs reduces the pathophysiological events occurring in an experimental model of allergic asthma by controlling the inflammatory process up to 14 d after transplantation.

Lung Tissue Damage Associated with Allergic Asthma in BALB/c Mice Could Be Controlled with a Single Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Bone Marrow up to 14 d After Transplantation.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by structural abnormalities and the progressive loss of kidney function. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human umbilical cord tissue (hUCT)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and expanded human umbilical cord blood (hUCB)-derived CD133 cells (eCD133) maintain the characteristics of the parent cells, providing a new form of cell-free treatment. We evaluated the effects of EVs from hUCT-derived MSCs and hUCB-derived CD133 cells on rats with CDK induced by an adenine-enriched diet. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and electron microscopy. The animals were randomized and divided into the MSC-EV group, eEPC-EV group and control group. Infusions occurred on the seventh and 14th days after CKD induction. Evaluations of kidney function were carried out by biochemical and histological analyses. Intense labeling of the α-SMA protein was observed when comparing the control with MSC-EVs. In both groups treated with EVs, a significant increase in serum albumin was observed, and the increase in cystatin C was inhibited. The results indicated improvements in renal function in CKD, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from MSCs and eCD133 cells and suggesting the possibility that in the future, more than one type of EV will be used concurrently.

Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease with Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD133 Expanded Cells: A Comparative Preclinical Analysis.

This study aimed to evaluate neuronal markers in stromal cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and standardize the isolation and characterization of those cells.

Article	Year
Comparison of two surgical techniques for creating an acute myocardial infarct in rats. Revista brasileira de cirurgia cardiovascular : orgao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular\| PubMed ID: 25714202	2014
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Fertility in Experimental Retrocervical Endometriosis. Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia\| PubMed ID: 28399593	2017
Expanded CD133 Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood Improved Heart Function in Rats after Severe Myocardial Infarction. Stem cells international\| PubMed ID: 29760727	2018
Lung Tissue Damage Associated with Allergic Asthma in BALB/c Mice Could Be Controlled with a Single Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Bone Marrow up to 14 d After Transplantatio... Cell transplantation\| PubMed ID: 32216447	2020
Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease with Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD133 Expanded Cells: A Comparative Preclinical Analysis. International journal of molecular sciences\| PubMed ID: 35269664	2022
Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from exfoliated deciduous teeth express neuronal markers before differentiation induction. Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB\| PubMed ID: 37075387	2023

Luiz Guilherme Achcar Capriglione

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