method-for-selective-rem-sleep-deprivation-using-selective-nose

Method for Selective REM Sleep Deprivation using The Selective Nose Flicking for Forgetting REM (SNiFFer)

Sleep is broadly categorized into Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and non-REM stages, and various sleep deprivation techniques have been developed to study their ...

university of tsukuba

In Japan, metal allergies are becoming increasingly prevalent, raising concerns for public health. This study examined metal allergy characteristics, patient histories, and clinical signs associated with patch test results over a 15-year period at the Dental Metal Allergy Clinic of Tokushima University Hospital. A retrospective analysis of 1085 patients revealed that 65.4% tested positive for at least one metal allergen, with palladium chloride, nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, and cobalt chloride identified as the most common allergens. Female patients were disproportionately affected, accounting for 78.4% of the study population. Notably, there was a substantial increase in patients reporting inflammation due to pierced earrings, increasing from 5.0% in 2005 to 43.2% in 2020, particularly among females. Patients with a history of inflammation from earrings had an 81.3% prevalence of metal allergies, which was significantly higher than the 60.4% reported in those without such a history (chi-square test, p < 0.001). These findings suggest a strong link between earrings and metal allergies, underscoring the need for improved education, early detection, and preventive strategies to address the growing impact of metal allergies on public health.

Correlation between pierced earrings and the prevalence of metal allergies at Tokushima university hospital: a 15-year retrospective analysis.

This review provides an integrative overview of the functional roles of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), focusing specifically on its impact on memory processes across the lifespan. A distinguishing feature of this review is its systematic approach, organizing the contributions of adult-born neurons (ABNs) chronologically through the stages of memory-from initial encoding, through sleep-dependent consolidation, retrieval, and finally forgetting. Although the existence and extent of adult neurogenesis in the human DG remain debated, accumulating evidence suggests that ABNs support cognitive functions throughout adulthood. This perspective gains particular importance when considering cognitive decline associated with aging and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, which are linked to substantial reductions in adult neurogenesis. We compare traditional models of DG function with emerging evidence highlighting both shared and unique contributions of ABNs. For example, the DG is well-established for its role in pattern separation, and as key mediators of this function, ABNs-due to their transiently heightened plasticity and excitability-appear critical for discriminating novel or similar experiences. On the other hand, recent findings underscore the distinct and essential role of ABNs in memory consolidation during REM sleep, suggesting specialized functions of ABNs that are absent in developmentally born granule cells in the DG. Clinically, the potential therapeutic importance of enhancing neurogenesis in memory-related disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is emphasized, highlighting promising treatments such as memantine. Lastly, we outline key unresolved questions, advocating for future research aimed at understanding ABN-specific mechanisms. Far from being a mere evolutionary vestige, hippocampal ABNs represent dynamic and essential elements of neural plasticity that are critical for memory formation, adaptation, and resilience across the lifespan.

Article	Year
Correlation between pierced earrings and the prevalence of metal allergies at Tokushima university hospital: a 15-year retrospective analysis. Scientific reports\| PubMed ID: 40157960	2025
Memory processing by hippocampal adult-born neurons. Neurobiology of learning and memory\| PubMed ID: 40345378	2025

Parimal Chavan

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