imaging-quantification-area-fast-moving-microbubbles-using-high-speed

Imaging and Quantification of the Area of Fast-Moving Microbubbles Using a High-Speed Camera and Image Analysis

An experimental and image analysis technique is presented for imaging cavitation bubbles and calculating their area. The high-speed imaging experimental ...

University of Birmingham

Cavitation occurs around dental ultrasonic scalers, which are used clinically for removing dental biofilm and calculus. However it is not known if this contributes to the cleaning process. Characterisation of the cavitation around ultrasonic scalers will assist in assessing its contribution and in developing new clinical devices for removing biofilm with cavitation. The aim is to use high speed camera imaging to quantify cavitation patterns around an ultrasonic scaler. A Satelec ultrasonic scaler operating at 29 kHz with three different shaped tips has been studied at medium and high operating power using high speed imaging at 15,000, 90,000 and 250,000 frames per second. The tip displacement has been recorded using scanning laser vibrometry. Cavitation occurs at the free end of the tip and increases with power while the area and width of the cavitation cloud varies for different shaped tips. The cavitation starts at the antinodes, with little or no cavitation at the node. High speed image sequences combined with scanning laser vibrometry show individual microbubbles imploding and bubble clouds lifting and moving away from the ultrasonic scaler tip, with larger tip displacement causing more cavitation. 

High Speed Imaging of Cavitation around Dental Ultrasonic Scaler Tips.

Bacterial biofilms are a cause of contamination in a wide range of medical and biological areas. Ultrasound is a mechanical energy that can remove these biofilms using cavitation and acoustic streaming, which generate shear forces to disrupt biofilm from a surface. The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the literature on the mechanical removal of biofilm using acoustic cavitation to identify the different operating parameters affecting its removal using this method. The properties of the liquid and the properties of the ultrasound have a large impact on the type of cavitation generated. These include gas content, temperature, surface tension, frequency of ultrasound and acoustic pressure. For many of these parameters, more research is required to understand their mechanisms in the area of ultrasonic biofilm removal, and further research will help to optimise this method for effective removal of biofilms from different surfaces.

Which Parameters Affect Biofilm Removal with Acoustic Cavitation? A Review.

Current instruments cannot clean in between dental implant threads and effectively remove biofilm from the rough implant surface without damaging it. Cavitation bubbles have the potential to disrupt biofilms. The aim of this study was to see how biofilms can be disrupted using non-contact cavitation from an ultrasonic scaler, imaged inside a restricted implant pocket model using high speed imaging.

High speed imaging of biofilm removal from a dental implant model using ultrasonic cavitation.

Correlation of 3D images acquired on different microscopes can be a daunting prospect even for experienced users. This protocol describes steps for registration of images from soft X-ray absorption contrast imaging and super-resolution fluorescence imaging of hydrated biological materials at cryogenic temperatures. Although it is developed for data generated at synchrotron beamlines that offer the above combination of microscopies, it is applicable to all analogous imaging systems where the same area of a sample is examined using successive non-destructive imaging techniques. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Kounatidis et al. (2020).

Article	Year
High Speed Imaging of Cavitation around Dental Ultrasonic Scaler Tips. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 26934340	2016
Which Parameters Affect Biofilm Removal with Acoustic Cavitation? A Review. Ultrasound in medicine & biology\| PubMed ID: 30792088	2019
High speed imaging of biofilm removal from a dental implant model using ultrasonic cavitation. Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials\| PubMed ID: 32299665	2020
Protocol for image registration of correlative soft X-ray tomography and super-resolution structured illumination microscopy images. STAR protocols\| PubMed ID: 34027487	2021

Nina Vyas

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