precise-brain-mapping-to-perform-repetitive-vivo-imaging-neuro-immune

Precise Brain Mapping to Perform Repetitive In Vivo Imaging of Neuro-Immune Dynamics in Mice

The central nervous system (CNS) is regulated by a complex interplay of neuronal, glial, stromal, and vascular cells that facilitate its proper function. ...

University of Virginia

Microglia are the predominant immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that exert key physiological roles required for maintaining CNS homeostasis, notably in response to chronic stress, as well as mediating synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. The repeated exposure to stress confers a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases including sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). While microglia have been causally linked to amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and synaptic loss in AD, they were also attributed beneficial roles, notably in the phagocytic elimination of Aβ. In this review, we discuss the interactions between chronic stress and AD pathology, overview the roles played by microglia in AD, especially focusing on chronic stress as an environmental risk factor modulating their function, and present recently-described microglial phenotypes associated with neuroprotection in AD. These microglial phenotypes observed under both chronic stress and AD pathology may provide novel opportunities for the development of better-targeted therapeutic interventions.

Chronic stress as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: Roles of microglia-mediated synaptic remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

In vivo two-photon imaging of microglia in the intact brain has revealed that microglia constantly survey neuronal soma. Research over the past decade and a recent paper by Cserép et al. published in Science are now uncovering the nature, mechanisms, and consequences of these interactions in health and injury.

Article	Year
Chronic stress as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: Roles of microglia-mediated synaptic remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Neurobiology of stress\| PubMed ID: 29992181	2018
Calming Neurons with a Microglial Touch. Trends in neurosciences\| PubMed ID: 32209451	2020
Microglia: Multiple states and multiple roles in the normal and diseased brain and spinal cord. Neuroscience letters\| PubMed ID: 32387719	2020

Kaushik Sharma

Biography

JoVE Journal Publications

Other Publications