in-situ-hybridization-combined-with-immunohistochemistry

<em>In Situ</em> Hybridization Combined with Immunohistochemistry in Cryosectioned Zebrafish Embryos

As a vertebrate, the zebrafish has been widely used in biological studies. Zebrafish and humans share high genetic homology, which allows its use as a ...

Nantong University

Animals require rapid, long-range molecular signaling networks to integrate sensing and response throughout their bodies. The amino acid glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system, facilitating long-range information exchange via activation of glutamate receptor channels. Similarly, plants sense local signals, such as herbivore attack, and transmit this information throughout the plant body to rapidly activate defense responses in undamaged parts. Here we show that glutamate is a wound signal in plants. Ion channels of the  family act as sensors that convert this signal into an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration that propagates to distant organs, where defense responses are then induced.

Glutamate triggers long-distance, calcium-based plant defense signaling.

Dopamine (DA), a critical neurotransmitter of both the central and peripheral nerve system, plays important roles in a series of biological processes. Dysfunction of dopaminergic signalling may lead to a series of developmental disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism and schizophrenia. However, the exact roles of dopaminergic signalling in these diseases are far from fully understood. We analyse the roles of dopaminergic signalling in multiple physiological and pathological processes, focusing on brain development and related disorders. By summarizing current research in this area, we provide guidance for future studies. This review seeks to deepen our understanding of dopaminergic signalling in developmental disorders, which may offer clues for developing more effective therapeutic drugs.

Article	Year
Glutamate triggers long-distance, calcium-based plant defense signaling. Science (New York, N.Y.)\| PubMed ID: 30213912	2018
The neurodevelopmental role of dopaminergic signaling in neurological disorders. Neuroscience letters\| PubMed ID: 33278505	2021

Jiaqi Wang

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