separation-differential-characterization-gut-microbial-extracellular

Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions

High salt intake is a major risk factor for hypertension, and its underlying mechanism may be closely linked to extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by ...

Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Blood-brain barrier disruption plays an important role in central nervous system diseases. This review provides information on the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain microvascular endothelial cells in cellular dysfunction, the disruption of intercellular junctions, transporter dysfunction, abnormal angiogenesis, neurovascular decoupling, and the involvement and aggravation of vascular inflammation and illustrates related molecular mechanisms. In addition, recent drug and nondrug therapies targeting cerebral vascular endothelial cell mitochondria to repair the blood-brain barrier are discussed. This review shows that mitochondrial oxidative stress disorder in brain microvascular endothelial cells plays a key role in the occurrence and development of blood-brain barrier damage and may be critical in various pathological mechanisms of blood-brain barrier damage. These new findings suggest a potential new strategy for the treatment of central nervous system diseases through mitochondrial modulation of cerebral vascular endothelial cells.

Mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain microvascular endothelial cells: Triggering blood-brain barrier disruption.

This study was designed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with escitalopram in treating major depressive disorder (MDD).

Efficacy and safety of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with escitalopram in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis.

This study aimed to systematically review zuranolone's efficacy and safety in treating major depressive disorder (MDD).

Efficacy and safety of zuranolone in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis.

The utilization of anti-inflammatory therapy for treating brain diseases holds promise; however, research on intranasal administration of drug compounds remains limited. Quantitative data, particularly pharmacokinetics, are scant, and direct evidence of the distribution of intranasally administered recombinant interleukin 10 (rIL-10) within the brain is lacking.

Distribution of Intranasally Administered rIL-10 Along the Olfactory Nerve and Perivascular Space After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

As a significant mental health disorder worldwide, the treatment of depression has long faced the challenges of a low treatment rate, significant drug side effects and a high relapse rate. Recent studies have revealed that the gut microbiota and neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction play central roles in the pathogenesis of depression: the gut microbiota influences the course of depression through multiple pathways, including immune regulation, HPA axis modulation and neurotransmitter metabolism. Mitochondrial function serves as a key hub that mediates mood disorders through mechanisms such as defective energy metabolism, impaired neuroplasticity and amplified neuroinflammation. Notably, a bidirectional regulatory network exists between the gut microbiota and mitochondria: the flora metabolite butyrate enhances mitochondrial biosynthesis through activation of the AMPK-PGC1α pathway, whereas reactive oxygen species produced by mitochondria counteract the flora composition by altering the intestinal epithelial microenvironment. In this study, we systematically revealed the potential pathways by which the gut microbiota improves neuronal mitochondrial function by regulating neurotransmitter synthesis, mitochondrial autophagy, and oxidative stress homeostasis and proposed the integration of probiotic supplementation, dietary fiber intervention, and fecal microbial transplantation to remodel the flora-mitochondrial axis, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of novel antidepressant therapies targeting gut-brain interactions.

Multiple pathways through which the gut microbiota regulates neuronal mitochondria constitute another possible direction for depression.

Sodium intake is undoubtedly essential for normal bodily function, but it is an important public health concern when intake exceeds dietary requirements. With salt intake exceeding recommended levels in almost all countries, high salt intake has become an important global health topic. This study aimed to be the first to combine epidemiological big data with animal behavioral experiments to systematically investigate the association between dietary sodium intake and cognitive function.

Analysis of the association between dietary sodium intake and cognitive function: a NHANES-based machine learning study and animal experimental validation.

Article	Year
Mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain microvascular endothelial cells: Triggering blood-brain barrier disruption. Mitochondrion\| PubMed ID: 36709855	2023
Efficacy and safety of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with escitalopram in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 38234362	2023
Efficacy and safety of zuranolone in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in neuroscience\| PubMed ID: 38292895	2023
Distribution of Intranasally Administered rIL-10 Along the Olfactory Nerve and Perivascular Space After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics\| PubMed ID: 40237247	2025
Multiple pathways through which the gut microbiota regulates neuronal mitochondria constitute another possible direction for depression. Frontiers in microbiology\| PubMed ID: 40313405	2025
Analysis of the association between dietary sodium intake and cognitive function: a NHANES-based machine learning study and animal experimental validation. Frontiers in nutrition\| PubMed ID: 40989802	2025

Shuyu Wang

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