evaluation-sesquiterpene-lactones-rat-model-paraquat-induced-acute

Evaluation of Sesquiterpene Lactones in a Rat Model of Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury Using Untargeted Metabolomics

This study investigated the protective effects and potential mechanisms of sesquiterpene lactones from Eupatorium lindleyanum DC. (SLEL) against paraquat ...

Chongqing Medical University

To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for rifampicin resistance in different regions, a meta-analysis was carried out.

Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of rifampicin resistance in different regions: a meta-analysis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common obstructive respiratory disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and limited airflow due to airway obstruction. The present study investigates the distribution characteristics of respiratory tract flora in both frequent and infrequent exacerbators of COPD. The 16S sequencing technique was adopted to differentiate the inherent differences of respiratory tract flora between frequent exacerbators and infrequent exacerbators. Additionally, cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blot were carried out in human bronchial epithelial cells cultured  and the regulatory effects of differential flora were verified. The results revealed that the observed species index, Chao1 index, and the ACE estimator of COPD frequent exacerbators were markedly higher than those of COPD infrequent exacerbators. The top five strains of COPD frequent exacerbators included g_Streptococcus (15.565%), g_Prevotella (10.683%), g_Veillonella (6.980%), g_Haemophilus (5.601%), and g_Neisseria (4.631%). Veillonella parvula generated obvious cytotoxicity and substantially reduced the activity of human bronchial epithelial cells ( < 0.01). Furthermore, the results of flow cytometry indicated that the proportion of human bronchial epithelial cells in both the S phase and G2 phase decreased following Veillonella parvula treatment indicated that Veillonella parvula inhibited cell proliferation. Meanwhile, being treated using Veillonella parvula, the expressions of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α), and p-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) of the cells were increased markedly ( < 0.01). Taken together, the current research demonstrated that the relative abundance of Veillonella in COPD frequent exacerbators was higher than that of infrequent exacerbators. Veillonella parvula activated the inflammatory pathway, ultimately destroyed the cell viability, and greatly impaired the activity of human bronchial epithelial cells, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation.

Investigation on the Pathological Mechanism of Frequent Exacerbators With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on the Characteristics of Respiratory Flora.

Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo (L. rotata), the oral Traditional Tibetan herbal medicine, is adopted for treating knife and gun wounds for a long time. As previously demonstrated, total iridoid glycoside extract of L. rotata (IGLR) induced polarization of M2 macrophage to speed up wound healing. In diabetic wounds, high levels inflammatory and chemotactic factors are usually related to high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. As a ROS target gene, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), influences the differentiation of monocytes to M1/M2 macrophages. Fortunately, iridoid glycosides are naturally occurring active compounds that can be used as the oxygen radical scavenger. Nevertheless, the influence of IGLR in diabetic wound healing and its associated mechanism is largely unclear.

Total iridoid glycoside extract of Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth) Kudo accelerates diabetic wound healing by the NRF2/COX2 axis.

In this study, we aim to explore the efficacy of paxlovid on reducing mortality of COVID-19 patients in clinical setting, especially whether paxlovid modifies the risk of death in these severe and critical patients.

Paxlovid reduces the 28-day mortality of patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Enhancing the body's immune response against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) emerges as a fundamental strategy for achieving a functional cure. While acupuncture has shown potential in immune modulation, its specific anti-HBV effects are not well understood. This study evaluates the potential of electroacupuncture (EA) in HBV infection and explores its underlying immunological mechanisms using a mouse model.

An Experimental Animal Study: Electroacupuncture Facilitates Antiviral Immunity Against Hepatitis B Virus Through the IFN-γ/JAK/STAT Axis.

This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence colonoscopy screening in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and explore the feasibility to invite FDRs to undergo a colonoscopy to improve screening compliance.

Influencing factors of colonoscopy screening in first-degree relatives of hospitalized colorectal cancer patients and preliminary clinical practices to improve the compliance.

 Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening respiratory condition and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 20% of global annual deaths. Despite its high prevalence and severity, effective therapeutic options remain limited.  DC., a traditional medicinal herb, has demonstrated therapeutic potential against pulmonary diseases, particularly ALI, in both clinical and experimental settings. However, the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of its characteristic sesquiterpene lactone components against ALI remain unclear.  This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of sesquiterpene lactones from  DC. (SLEL) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, it sought to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by integrating network pharmacology, multi-omics approaches (transcriptomics, metabolomics, and 16S rRNA sequencing), and various molecular biology techniques.  SLEL significantly attenuated inflammatory injury in alveolar epithelial cells and alleviated pulmonary edema, hemorrhage, and inflammatory infiltration in rats, accompanied by reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels and improved lung injury indices. Mechanistically, SLEL exerted dual suppression of the PI3K-Akt and MAPK-NF-κB pathways. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and UPLC-MS analyses identified Eupalinolide A and Eupalinolide K as potential bioactive constituents, which were further validated to inhibit phosphorylation of key signaling proteins, thereby partially accounting for SLEL's pharmacological effects. Multi-omics integration further revealed that SLEL restored bile acid metabolism, reshaped gut microbial diversity, and reconstructed the microbiota-metabolite-inflammatory cytokine network, thereby maintaining gut-lung axis homeostasis and enhancing anti-inflammatory effects.  SLEL alleviates ALI through multi-component synergistic actions that suppress pro-inflammatory signaling and modulate the gut-lung axis. These findings highlight the potential of SLEL as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of ALI.

Multi-Omics and Experimental Insights into the Protective Effects of Sesquiterpenoid Lactones from  DC. in Acute Lung Injury: Regulation of PI3K-Akt and MAPK-NF-κB Pathways.

This systematic review summarizes the recommendations related to psychosocial interventions for anxiety disorders included in existing guidelines and compares their differences.

Psychosocial interventions for anxiety disorders in adults: evidence mapping and guideline appraisal.

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and impaired steroidogenesis, yet current therapies remain limited in effectiveness. Thymol, a natural monoterpene, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Network pharmacology and molecular docking identified multiple potential targets, notably the Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. In tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced human granulosa-like tumor cells ( = 3), 40 μg/mL thymol increased cell viability by approximately 45%, restored superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities to nearly twice those of the model group, and reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation by about 35% ( < 0.05). It also decreased senescence markers p53, p21, and p16 by 40-60% and inhibited JAK1-STAT3 phosphorylation ( = 3,  < 0.05). In aged pregnant mice ( = 4 per group), thymol increased viable fetus numbers by about 40%, elevated serum estradiol and progesterone levels to 1.6-1.8-fold of aged controls, and downregulated ovarian aging markers ( < 0.05). Collectively, these findings indicate that thymol mitigates oxidative stress-induced ovarian aging by modulating JAK1-STAT3 signaling and restoring steroidogenic function, supporting its potential as a natural candidate for delaying ovarian senescence.

Thymol Mitigates Oxidative Stress-Induced Ovarian Aging and Restores Steroidogenesis via the JAK1-STAT3 Pathway.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease with limited treatment options. Premature senescence of alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2 cells) plays a critical role in PF pathogenesis. This study aimed to identify natural compounds targeting senescence-related pathways for PF treatment.

Resveratrol attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting alveolar epithelial senescence via targeting SASP-related proteins: an integrated bioinformatics-experimental study.

Article	Year
Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of rifampicin resistance in different regions: a meta-analysis. BMC microbiology\| PubMed ID: 31382894	2019
Investigation on the Pathological Mechanism of Frequent Exacerbators With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on the Characteristics of Respiratory Flora. Frontiers in medicine\| PubMed ID: 35127772	2021
Total iridoid glycoside extract of Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth) Kudo accelerates diabetic wound healing by the NRF2/COX2 axis. Chinese medicine\| PubMed ID: 38519940	2024
Paxlovid reduces the 28-day mortality of patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study. BMC infectious diseases\| PubMed ID: 39090554	2024
An Experimental Animal Study: Electroacupuncture Facilitates Antiviral Immunity Against Hepatitis B Virus Through the IFN-γ/JAK/STAT Axis. Journal of inflammation research\| PubMed ID: 39318991	2024
Influencing factors of colonoscopy screening in first-degree relatives of hospitalized colorectal cancer patients and preliminary clinical practices to improve the compliance. Frontiers in oncology\| PubMed ID: 40356753	2025
Multi-Omics and Experimental Insights into the Protective Effects of Sesquiterpenoid Lactones from DC. in Acute Lung Injury: Regulation of PI3K-Akt and MAPK-NF-κB Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)\| PubMed ID: 41155638	2025
Psychosocial interventions for anxiety disorders in adults: evidence mapping and guideline appraisal. Frontiers in psychiatry\| PubMed ID: 41190305	2025
Thymol Mitigates Oxidative Stress-Induced Ovarian Aging and Restores Steroidogenesis via the JAK1-STAT3 Pathway. Current issues in molecular biology\| PubMed ID: 41296414	2025
Resveratrol attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting alveolar epithelial senescence via targeting SASP-related proteins: an integrated bioinformatics-experimental study. Frontiers in pharmacology\| PubMed ID: 41383484	2025

Chen Luo

Biography

JoVE Journal Publications

Other Publications