the-flybar-administering-alcohol-to-flies

The FlyBar: Administering Alcohol to Flies

Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) are an established model for both alcohol research and circadian biology. Recently, we showed that the circadian ...

University of Houston

Dysdercus Guerin Méneville, 1831 comprises insect species that are often serious pests of cotton both in the Old and New World, representing the only taxon from Pyrrhocoridae in the Neotropical Region. The genus is cytologically characterized by possession of holokinetic chromosomes and a prereductional type of meiosis. So far, only seven species from the Old World and five species from the Neotropical Region have been cytogenetically described. In the present report we compare the male meiosis from both natural and inbred populations of Dysdercus chaquensis Freiberg, 1948. Our results demonstrated that even though both populations share the same diploid chromosome number, the presence of a diffuse stage was found to be committed to the wild population of the species. Furthermore, the diffuse stage was found in a high frequency in all analysed wild specimens. indicating the long duration of this period among the regular meiosis of D. chaquensis. Taking into account that the diffuse stage is connected with an intense and long period of cellular growth, and with an important transcriptional activity, the absence of this stage in all the inbred specimens of D. chaquensis could be related with the lack of unfavourable physiological conditions due to the environmental uniformity along seven years of inbreeding.

Meiotic studies in Dysdercus Guérin Meneville, 1831 (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae). II. Evidence on variations of the diffuse stage between wild and laboratory-inbred populations of Dysdercus chaquensis Freiberg, 1948.

So far, only seven and five species of Dysdercus from the Old and New Worlds, respectively, have been cytogenetically analysed. They all have holokinetic chromosomes and a pre-reductional type of meiosis. In the present study the chromosome complement, male meiosis and nucleolar meiotic cycle of Dysdercus imitator were analyzed. During male meiosis several cytogenetic features are remarkable, namely the presence of a long diffuse stage after pachytene, the finding of one or two ring bivalents per cell in almost all specimens, and the presence of several prenucleolar bodies lasting up to telophase II. The origin and function of these prenucleolar bodies could be related to a particular physiological cycle of the meiocytes.

Cytogenetic and nucleolar meiotic cycle analyses in Dysdercus imitator Blöte, 1931 (Pyrrhocoridae, Heteroptera) from Argentina.

Fruits of Heteropterys glabra (Malpighiaceae) are used in South-American folk medicine as a sedative and anxiolytic agent. In present research, we studied neurophysiological effects of the plant. Ethanolic extract was assayed in DBA/2J mice in order to evaluate the sleep wakefulness cycle, electroencephalogram (EEG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP). The results of our experiments indicated that the EtOH extract of the plant induced a reduction of motor activity and alterations of EEG and VEP parameters, supporting the possibility that the plant acts as an anxiolytic/sedative agent, thus, confirming its usual assumption and the traditional use.

Article	Year
Meiotic studies in Dysdercus Guérin Meneville, 1831 (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae). II. Evidence on variations of the diffuse stage between wild and laboratory-inbred populations of Dysdercus ... Hereditas\| PubMed ID: 12627838	2002
Cytogenetic and nucleolar meiotic cycle analyses in Dysdercus imitator Blöte, 1931 (Pyrrhocoridae, Heteroptera) from Argentina. Folia biologica\| PubMed ID: 15303365	2003
Neurophysiological studies of Heteropteris glabra Hok. & Arn. (Malpighiaceae) in DBA/2J mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology\| PubMed ID: 15740875	2005

Emiliano Fumagalli

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