retinal-detachment-model-rodents-subretinal-injection-sodium

Retinal Detachment Model in Rodents by Subretinal Injection of Sodium Hyaluronate

Subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate is a widely accepted method of inducing retinal detachment (RD). However, the height and duration of RD or the ...

Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School

To identify the tomographic features of the branching vascular networks in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).

Tomographic features of branching vascular networks in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

To investigate photoreceptor segment morphologic changes at the detached retina in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Elongation of photoreceptor outer segment in central serous chorioretinopathy.

To determine a correlation between foveal morphologic changes and visual outcomes in patients with resolved central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Outer nuclear layer thickness at the fovea determines visual outcomes in resolved central serous chorioretinopathy.

The purpose of this study was to define the origin of intraretinal neovascularization in retinal angiomatous proliferation with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography.

Tomographic features of intraretinal neovascularization in retinal angiomatous proliferation.

To evaluate the protective effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) and sub-Tenon triamcinolone acetonide (TA) against choriocapillaris occlusion induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Protective effect of intravitreal bevacizumab and sub-tenon triamcinolone acetonide against occlusion of choriocapillaris induced by photodynamic therapy.

To evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin with intravitreal bevacizumab for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Combined photodynamic therapy with verteporfin and intravitreal bevacizumab for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

To determine the origin of fundus autofluorescence (AF) patterns in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Fundus autofluorescence of elongated photoreceptor outer segments in central serous chorioretinopathy.

It has been long speculated that specific signals are transmitted from photoreceptors to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). However, such signals have not been identified. In this study, we examined the retinal expression and localization of acetylcholine-related molecules as putative candidates for these signals. Previous reports revealed that Î±7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are present in the microvilli of RPE cells that envelope the tips of photoreceptor outer segments (OS). Secreted mammalian leukocyte antigen 6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-related protein-1 (SLURP-1) is a positive allosteric modulator of the Î±7 nAChR. Therefore, we first focused on the expression of SLURP-1. SLURP-1 mRNA was expressed in the outer nuclear layer, which is comprised of photoreceptor cell bodies. SLURP-1 immunoreactivity co-localized with rhodopsin and S-opsin in photoreceptor OS, while choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and high affinity choline transporter (CHT-1) were also expressed in photoreceptor OS. Immunoelectron microscopy identified that the majority of SLURP-1 was localized to the plasma membranes of photoreceptor OS. These results provide evidence that SLURP-1 is synthesized in photoreceptor cell bodies and transported to photoreceptor OS, where SLURP-1 may also be secreted. Our findings suggest that photoreceptor OS communicate via neurotransmitters such as ACh and SLURP-1, while RPE cells might receive these signals through Î±7 nAChRs in their microvilli.

Localization of acetylcholine-related molecules in the retina: implication of the communication from photoreceptor to retinal pigment epithelium.

Retinitis pigmentosa comprises a group of inherited retinal photoreceptor degenerations that lead to progressive loss of vision. Although in most cases rods, but not cones, harbor the deleterious gene mutations, cones do die in this disease, usually after the main phase of rod cell loss. Rod photoreceptor death is characterized by apoptotic features. In contrast, the mechanisms and features of subsequent nonautonomous cone cell death remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinase mediates necrotic cone cell death in rd10 mice, a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa caused by a mutation in a rod-specific gene. The expression of RIP3, a key regulator of programmed necrosis, was elevated in rd10 mouse retinas in the phase of cone but not rod degeneration. Although rd10 mice lacking Rip3 developed comparable rod degeneration to control rd10 mice, they displayed a significant preservation of cone cells. Ultrastructural analysis of rd10 mouse retinas revealed that a substantial fraction of dying cones exhibited necrotic morphology, which was rescued by Rip3 deficiency. Additionally, pharmacologic treatment with a RIP kinase inhibitor attenuated histological and functional deficits of cones in rd10 mice. Thus, necrotic mechanisms involving RIP kinase are crucial in cone cell death in inherited retinal degeneration, suggesting the RIP kinase pathway as a potential target to protect cone-mediated central and peripheral vision loss in patients with retinitis pigementosa.

Receptor interacting protein kinase mediates necrotic cone but not rod cell death in a mouse model of inherited degeneration.

To determine the optimal time for administration of intravitreal ranibizumab injections before photodynamic therapy (PDT) as combined therapy to treat polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).

Article	Year
Tomographic features of branching vascular networks in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)\| PubMed ID: 17558321	2007
Elongation of photoreceptor outer segment in central serous chorioretinopathy. American journal of ophthalmology\| PubMed ID: 18028861	2008
Outer nuclear layer thickness at the fovea determines visual outcomes in resolved central serous chorioretinopathy. American journal of ophthalmology\| PubMed ID: 19327740	2009
Tomographic features of intraretinal neovascularization in retinal angiomatous proliferation. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)\| PubMed ID: 19952990	2010
Protective effect of intravitreal bevacizumab and sub-tenon triamcinolone acetonide against occlusion of choriocapillaris induced by photodynamic therapy. Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fÃ¼r Augenheilkunde\| PubMed ID: 20185940	2010
Combined photodynamic therapy with verteporfin and intravitreal bevacizumab for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. American journal of ophthalmology\| PubMed ID: 20346441	2010
Fundus autofluorescence of elongated photoreceptor outer segments in central serous chorioretinopathy. American journal of ophthalmology\| PubMed ID: 21257153	2011
Localization of acetylcholine-related molecules in the retina: implication of the communication from photoreceptor to retinal pigment epithelium. PloS one\| PubMed ID: 22880119	2012
Receptor interacting protein kinase mediates necrotic cone but not rod cell death in a mouse model of inherited degeneration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America\| PubMed ID: 22908283	2012
Comparisons of outcomes with different intervals between adjunctive ranibizumab and photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. American journal of ophthalmology\| PubMed ID: 23628354	2013

Hidetaka Matsumoto

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