pulse-wave-velocity-testing-baltimore-longitudinal-study

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity is considered the gold standard for measurements of central arterial stiffness obtained through noninvasive ...

National Institute of Aging

Whether exercise-induced ST-segment depression <1 mm is an independent predictor of future coronary events (CEs) in asymptomatic subjects is unknown.

Role of nondiagnostic exercise-induced ST-segment abnormalities in predicting future coronary events in asymptomatic volunteers.

The present investigation was designed to evaluate the acute effect of aerobic exercise on oxidative stress and the flow properties of the blood. Fourteen clinically healthy subjects (7 men and 7 women aged 56+/-19 yr) underwent maximal treadmill exercise with blood samples drawn prior to and immediately after exercise. Post-exercise significant increases were observed in plasma lipid hydroperoxides from 6.5+/-2.0 microM to 7.9+/-1.9 microM (p<0.0001) and the relative concentration of plasma fluorescent products associated with red cell peroxidation from 138+/-28 RF to 220+/-92 RF (p<0.005). After exercise there was a rise in the hematocrit from 41.4+/-3.7% to 44.4+/-4.1% (p<0.0001), increases in whole blood viscosity at shear rates of 22.5/sec to 450/sec (p<0.0005), an increase in plasma viscosity from 1.27+/-0.12 cP to 1.36+/-0.11 cP (p<0.01), an increase in red cell rigidity from 2.44+/-0.48 cP to 2.62+/-0.42 cP (p<0.001) and a decrease in erythrocyte sedimentation rate from 26.9+/-18.6 mm/h to 22.5+/-15.9 mm/h (p<0.01). The findings suggest that acute aerobic exercise induces oxidative damage to red blood cells and adversely affects rheological properties of the peripheral blood.

Oxidative stress and hemorheological changes induced by acute treadmill exercise.

Dimethylarginine asimmetrico (ADMA) &egrave; un inibitore endogeno dell&#39;ossido nitrico (NO), che svolge un ruolo importante in natriuresi. Dopo il caricamento nelle donne in postmenopausa normotesi (PMW) sale abbiamo determinato se cambiamenti nel plasma ADMA e vasodilatazione endotelio-dipendente (EDD) prevedono cambiamenti nella pressione sanguigna (BP).

Ossido nitrico inibizione come un meccanismo per la pressione sanguigna aumenta durante il caricamento nelle donne in postmenopausa normotesi sale.

&#x975E;&#x5BF9;&#x79F0;&#x4E8C;&#x7532;&#x57FA;&#x7CBE;&#x6C28;&#x9178; (&#x57C3;&#x7279;&#x739B;) &#x662F;&#x5185;&#x6E90;&#x6027;&#x6291;&#x5236;&#x4E00;&#x6C27;&#x5316;&#x6C2E; (NO)&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x5728;&#x5BF9;&#x6297;&#x4E2D;&#x53D1;&#x6325;&#x7740;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5185;&#x76AE;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x6027;&#x8840;&#x7BA1;&#x8212;&#x5F20;&#x529F;&#x80FD; (EDD) &#x548C;&#x8840;&#x6D46;&#x57C3;&#x7279;&#x739B;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x9884;&#x6D4B;&#x8840;&#x538B; (BP) &#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x540E;&#x76D0;&#x5728;&#x8840;&#x538B;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x7EDD;&#x7ECF;&#x540E;&#x5987;&#x5973; &#xFF08;PMW&#xFF09; &#x4E2D;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x3002;

&#x4E00;&#x6C27;&#x5316;&#x6C2E;&#x6291;&#x5236;&#x8840;&#x538B;&#x5347;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x671F;&#x95F4;&#x5728;&#x8840;&#x538B;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x7684;&#x7EDD;&#x7ECF;&#x540E;&#x5987;&#x5973;&#x4E2D;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x7684;&#x76D0;&#x3002;

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO), which plays an important role in natriuresis. We determined whether changes in endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDD) and plasma ADMA predict changes in blood pressure (BP) after salt loading in normotensive postmenopausal women (PMW).

Nitric oxide inhibition as a mechanism for blood pressure increase during salt loading in normotensive postmenopausal women.

Dim&#xE9;thylarginine asym&#xE9;trique (ADMA) est un inhibiteur endog&#xE8;ne de l&#x26;#39;oxyde nitrique (NO), qui joue un r&#xF4;le important dans la natriur&#xE8;se. Nous avons d&#xE9;termin&#xE9; si des changements dans l&#x26;#39;endoth&#xE9;lium-d&#xE9;pendante vasodilatation (EDD) et le plasma ADMA pr&#xE9;dire les changements de la pression art&#xE9;rielle (PA) apr&#xE8;s le chargement du sel dans normotendus chez les femmes m&#xE9;nopaus&#xE9;es (PMW).

Inhibition oxyde nitrique comme un m&#xE9;canisme pour l&#x26;#39;augmentation de la tension art&#xE9;rielle lors de Salt Chargement en normotendus les femmes m&#xE9;nopaus&#xE9;es

Stickstoffoxid-Hemmung als Mechanismus zur Erh&#xF6;hung des Blutdrucks w&#xE4;hrend der Salzfracht bei normotensiven Frauen nach der Menopause.

&#x975E;&#x5BFE;&#x79F0;&#x6027;&#x30B8;&#x30E1;&#x30C1;&#x30EB;&#x30A2;&#x30EB;&#x30AE;&#x30CB;&#x30F3;&#xFF08;ADMA&#xFF09;&#x306F;&#x3001;&#x30CA;&#x30C8;&#x30EA;&#x30A6;&#x30E0;&#x5229;&#x5C3F;&#x306B;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x306A;&#x5F79;&#x5272;&#x3092;&#x679C;&#x305F;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x3044;&#x308B;&#x4E00;&#x9178;&#x5316;&#x7A92;&#x7D20;&#xFF08;NO&#xFF09;&#x306E;&#x5185;&#x56E0;&#x6027;&#x963B;&#x5BB3;&#x5264;&#x3067;&#x3042;&#x308B;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x3005;&#x306F;&#x3001;&#x5185;&#x76AE;&#x4F9D;&#x5B58;&#x6027;&#x8840;&#x7BA1;&#x62E1;&#x5F35;&#xFF08;EDD&#xFF09;&#x3068;&#x8840;&#x6F3F;ADMA&#x306E;&#x5909;&#x5316;&#x306F;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x8840;&#x5727;&#x9589;&#x7D4C;&#x5F8C;&#x306E;&#x5973;&#x6027;&#xFF08;PMW&#xFF09;&#x3067;&#x98DF;&#x5869;&#x8CA0;&#x8377;&#x5F8C;&#x306E;&#x8840;&#x5727;&#xFF08;BP&#xFF09;&#x306E;&#x5909;&#x5316;&#x3092;&#x4E88;&#x6E2C;&#x3059;&#x308B;&#x304B;&#x3069;&#x3046;&#x304B;&#x3092;&#x6C7A;&#x5B9A;&#x3057;&#x305F;&#x3002;

&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x8840;&#x5727;&#x9589;&#x7D4C;&#x5F8C;&#x5973;&#x6027;&#x306B;&#x304A;&#x3051;&#x308B;&#x98DF;&#x5869;&#x8CA0;&#x8377;&#x6642;&#x306E;&#x8840;&#x5727;&#x4E0A;&#x6607;&#x306E;&#x30E1;&#x30AB;&#x30CB;&#x30BA;&#x30E0;&#x3068;&#x3057;&#x3066;&#x4E00;&#x9178;&#x5316;&#x7A92;&#x7D20;&#x963B;&#x5BB3;

&#xBE44;&#xB300;&#xCE6D; dimethylarginine (ADMA)&#xB294; &#xC0B0;&#xD654; &#xC9C8;&#xC18C;&#xC758; &#xC0DD; &#xC5B5;&#xC81C;&#xC81C; (NO)&#xB294; natriuresis&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xC911;&#xC694; &#xD55C; &#xC5ED;&#xD560;&#xC744; &#xD55C;&#xB2E4;. &#xC6B0;&#xB9AC; &#xC18C;&#xAE08; normotensive &#xD3D0; &#xACBD; &#xD6C4; &#xC5EC;&#xC131; (PMW) &#xB85C;&#xB4DC; &#xD6C4; endothelium &#xC885;&#xC18D; &#xC5F7;&#xAC8C; (EDD)&#xC640; &#xD50C;&#xB77C;&#xC988;&#xB9C8; ADMA &#xBCC0;&#xD654; &#xC608;&#xCE21; &#xD608;&#xC555; (BP)&#xC758; &#xBCC0;&#xD654; &#xC5EC;&#xBD80;&#xB97C; &#xACB0;&#xC815; &#xD569;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

&#xD608;&#xC555;&#xC5D0; &#xB300; &#xD55C; &#xBA54;&#xCEE4;&#xB2C8;&#xC998;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xC0B0;&#xD654; &#xC9C8;&#xC18C; &#xC5B5;&#xC81C; &#xC18C;&#xAE08; normotensive &#xD3D0; &#xACBD; &#xD6C4; &#xC5EC;&#xC131;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xB85C;&#xB4DC; &#xD558;&#xB294; &#xB3D9;&#xC548; &#xC99D;&#xAC00; &#xD569;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

Dimetilarginina asim&#xE9;trica (ADMA) es un inhibidor end&#xF3;geno de la &#xF3;xido n&#xED;trico (NO), que desempe&#xF1;a un papel importante en la natriuresis. Se determin&#xF3; si los cambios en la vasodilataci&#xF3;n dependiente del endotelio (EDD) y ADMA en plasma predecir los cambios en la presi&#xF3;n arterial (PA) despu&#xE9;s de la carga de sal en normotensos mujeres posmenop&#xE1;usicas (MPM).

La inhibici&#xF3;n del &#xF3;xido n&#xED;trico como mecanismo de aumento de presi&#xF3;n arterial Durante la sal de carga en normotensos mujeres posmenop&#xE1;usicas

The ability of older persons to function independently is dependent largely on the maintenance of sufficient aerobic capacity and strength to perform daily activities. Although peak aerobic capacity is widely recognized to decline with age, its rate of decline has been estimated primarily from cross-sectional studies that may provide misleading, overly optimistic estimates of aging changes.

Accelerated longitudinal decline of aerobic capacity in healthy older adults.

This study sought to evaluate whether pulse wave velocity (PWV), a noninvasive index of arterial stiffness, is a predictor of the longitudinal changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and of incident hypertension.

Pulse wave velocity is an independent predictor of the longitudinal increase in systolic blood pressure and of incident hypertension in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

The acceptance of public participation in science and technology governance in liberal democratic contexts is evident in the institutionalization of a variety of mechanisms for participation in recent decades. Yet questions remain about the extent to which institutions have actually transformed their policy practice to embrace democratic governance of techno-scientific decision making. A critical discourse analysis of the response to public participation by the Environmental Risk ManagementAuthority (ERMA), the key decision-making body on genetic modification in Aotearoa/New Zealand, in a specific case demonstrates that ERMA systematically marginalized concerns raised by the public about risk management, ethics, and ecological, economic, and cultural issues in order to give primacy to a positivist, technological worldview. Such delegitimization of public perspectives pre-empts the possibility of the democratic governance of science.

Science, governance, and public participation: an analysis of decision making on genetic modification in Aotearoa/New Zealand.

This study sought to determine the clinical predictors and prognostic significance of exercise-induced nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) in a large population of asymptomatic volunteers.

Prevalence and prognostic significance of exercise-induced nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in asymptomatic volunteers: BLSA (Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging).

Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of arterial stiffness, is an established independent cardiovascular risk factor. Little information is available on the pattern and determinants of the longitudinal change in PWV with aging. Such information is crucial to elucidating mechanisms underlying arterial stiffness and the design of interventions to retard it. Between 1988 and 2013, we collected 2 to 9 serial measures of PWV in 354 men and 423 women of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, who were 21 to 94 years of age and free of clinically significant cardiovascular disease. Rates of PWV increase accelerated with advancing age in men more than women, leading to sex differences in PWV after the age of 50 years. In both sexes, not only systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mm Hg but also SBP of 120 to 139 mm Hg was associated with steeper rates of PWV increase compared with SBP<120 mm Hg. Furthermore, there was a dose-dependent effect of SBP in men with marked acceleration in PWV rate of increase with age at SBP ≥140 mm Hg compared with SBP of 120 to 139 mm Hg. Except for waist circumference in women, no other traditional cardiovascular risk factors predicted longitudinal PWV increase. In conclusion, the steeper longitudinal increase of PWV in men than women led to the sex difference that expanded with advancing age. Age and SBP are the main longitudinal determinants of PWV, and the effect of SBP on PWV trajectories exists even in the prehypertensive range.

Longitudinal trajectories of arterial stiffness and the role of blood pressure: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Growing evidence suggests that self-reported physical activity accounts for variability in cognitive function among older adults, and aerobic intervention may improve cognitive function in this population. However, much less is known about the longitudinal association between direct measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function across the life span. The present study examined the prospective association between symptom-limited maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and longitudinal performance on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.

Article	Year
Role of nondiagnostic exercise-induced ST-segment abnormalities in predicting future coronary events in asymptomatic volunteers. Circulation\| PubMed ID: 12451004	2002
Oxidative stress and hemorheological changes induced by acute treadmill exercise. Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation\| PubMed ID: 12632010	2003
Nitric oxide inhibition as a mechanism for blood pressure increase during salt loading in normotensive postmenopausal women. Journal of hypertension\| PubMed ID: 12817182	2003
Accelerated longitudinal decline of aerobic capacity in healthy older adults. Circulation\| PubMed ID: 16043637	2005
Pulse wave velocity is an independent predictor of the longitudinal increase in systolic blood pressure and of incident hypertension in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Journal of the American College of Cardiology\| PubMed ID: 18387440	2008
Science, governance, and public participation: an analysis of decision making on genetic modification in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)\| PubMed ID: 23038858	2012
Prevalence and prognostic significance of exercise-induced nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in asymptomatic volunteers: BLSA (Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging). Journal of the American College of Cardiology\| PubMed ID: 23747767	2013
Longitudinal trajectories of arterial stiffness and the role of blood pressure: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Hypertension\| PubMed ID: 24001897	2013
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Accelerated Cognitive Decline With Aging. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences\| PubMed ID: 24192540	2013

Jeanette Wright

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