How Solubility Depends on Free Energy

Solubility depends on free energy changes when a solute dissolves in a solvent. The free energy change for this process is called the free energy of solution, ΔGsolution. When ΔGsolution is less than zero, solution formation is favorable. When it is greater than zero, solution formation is unfavorable.

请记住，溶液的形成受混合熵 ΔS_mixing 的调控。相应的混合自由能 ΔG_mixing 可通过将 ΔS_mixing 代入吉布斯自由能方程得到。

由于ΔS_mixing与分子间相互作用无关，因此与这些相互作用相关的能量变化被忽略，方程中ΔH_mixing的值为0。因此，ΔG_mixing等于负的T乘以ΔS_mixing。

将溶质溶解于一升溶剂中所伴随的自由能变化称为溶液的自由能，ΔG...