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Mendelian Genetics
Chi-Square Test in Genetics
Description
The chi-square test in genetics helps compare expected and observed results. It is a statistical hypothesis test used to see whether a difference between an expected value and an observed value is significant. In genetics, it helps decide whether to accept or reject a hypothesis based on how far the observed data moves from ...
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Transcript
孟德尔提出假设:当具有显性性状(如紫色花)和隐性性状(如白色花)的个体进行单因子杂交时,若等位基因独立分配,则表型比例约为3:1。
当假设数据符合某种特定比例时(例如孟德尔的3:1预测),需建立一个零假设。零假设认为,预期值与观测值之间不存在真实差异,任何表观差异均归因于偶然因素。
考虑20株高茎植物与20株矮茎植物之间的单因子杂交。该杂交的F2代产生33株高茎植物和7株矮茎植物。这是观察值。
为了检验零假设,可以进行卡方分析。首先,创建一个包含三列的表格:表型、观察值和期望值。表型和观察值已知,但期望值需要计算得出。
通过将观察到的植株总数除以预期植株总数来计算期望值——即三加一等于四。因此,...
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