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Chemistry

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Organic Chemistry

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α-Carbon Chemistry: Enols, Enolates, and Enamines

LDA-Controlled Crossed Aldol Product Formation

Description

LDA-controlled crossed aldol product formation uses a strong base to guide a reaction between two different carbonyl compounds that both have alpha hydrogens. In a directed aldol reaction, this setup helps form one main crossed aldol product instead of a mixture.

A simple aldehyde and ketone reac...

Transcript

在水相氢氧化钠条件下,含有α-氢的醛与酮之间的交叉羟醛反应会生成多种产物的混合物。

或者,使用强碱(如二异丙基氨基锂,简称 LDA)可减少产物的数量。

将酮缓慢地逐滴加入LDA溶液中,不可逆地生成酮的烯醇化物。

接下来,将醛缓慢加入该溶液中,此时酮的烯醇负离子对醛的羰基进行亲核加成,生成单一的交叉羟醛产物。该过程称为定向羟醛加成反应。

在不对称酮中,LDA 优先在取代较少的碳原子上进行去质子化,生成动力学烯醇负离子。