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Waves
Reading Wave Motion by Its Features
Description
Wave motion can be described by a few key parameters. Simple mechanical waves repeat over several cycles and can be modeled with sine and cosine functions. A simplified surface water wave is a good example. The water moves up and down, while the wave disturbance travels horizontally through the medium.
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Transcript
考虑一个漂浮在水波表面的球。该球以简谐运动上下移动。
波的最高点称为波峰,最低点称为波谷。两个连续且具有相同高度和相同斜率的波谷或波峰之间的距离称为波的波长。
波的振幅是从平衡位置测得的最大高度,与波所携带的能量大小直接相关。
小球完成一次完整振荡所需的时间称为波的周期 T。假设小球处于固定位置,则单位时间内通过小球的波的数量称为波的频率。
波速定义为波在单位时间内传播的距离。波长是波在一个波周期内传播的距离。因此,波速等于波长乘以频率。
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