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Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic Wave Reflection at Conductors

Description

Electromagnetic waves can reflect from a conductor or a dielectric. When the reflected wave combines with the incoming wave, the result is a standing electromagnetic wave. This is similar to the standing waves formed on a stretched string.

To see how this happens, consider a perfect conductor pla...

Transcript

回忆一下在绷紧的弦上形成的驻波。

驻波是由两个振幅和频率相同但传播方向相反的波叠加而成的。

考虑将一个理想导电薄板置于 y-z 平面内。一束线偏振的电磁波沿负 x 方向传播,并入射到该薄板上。

入射波在导体表面感应出电流,从而产生附加的电场,形成与入射波频率和振幅相同的反射波。

这两个波的叠加形成了驻波。简化这些表达式可得到波上电场和磁场强度为零的位置,这些位置称为波节或节面。

波腹是振幅从最大正向位移到最大负向位移的点。

电场的波节与磁场的波腹重合,反之亦然。因此,它们在每一点上均相差90度相位。

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