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Vital Signs: Respiration
Breathing Patterns and Their Clinical Meaning
Description
Breathing patterns can be regular, deep, or shallow, and they can also become abnormal. These changes help explain how ventilation is affected in different conditions. Clinically, they are important because they can guide patient evaluation.
Biot's breathing is irregular in both rate and depth. I...
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Transcript
呼吸运动(如规律性、深呼吸或浅呼吸)可对呼吸模式进行分类。
在比奥呼吸中,呼吸频率和深度不规则,表现为深大呼吸与呼吸暂停交替出现。
常见原因包括由于中风、头部外伤和脊髓脑膜炎等疾病导致脑部呼吸中枢受损。
潮式呼吸的特点是呼吸周期开始时呼吸缓慢而浅表,随后逐渐增强至异常的呼吸频率和深度。这种模式与呼吸交替出现,导致在呼吸暂停后再次恢复呼吸。
例如,心力衰竭、低钠血症和脑损伤患者会表现出这种呼吸模式。
Kussmaul呼吸是一种异常深快但节律恒定的呼吸。常见病因包括代谢性酸中毒对呼吸中枢的刺激。
过度通气包括呼吸频率和深度增加,可能导致低碳酸血症。焦虑、运动和代谢性酸中毒是引起过度通气的几个原因。
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