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Electromagnetic Waves
Radiation Pressure in Light and Space
Description
Radiation pressure is the push that light can exert on matter. When an electromagnetic wave is completely absorbed by a surface, its energy density is transferred as momentum to that surface. The rate of momentum transfer on a surface perpendicular to the wave gives the force, and the force per unit area is the radiation pre...
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Transcript
考虑一颗绕地球运行的人造卫星。它与太阳的距离为 1.5 × 1011 米。太阳的平均辐射功率为 3.8 × 1026 瓦特。
如果其太阳能收集面板的总面积为 20 平方米,那么太阳能面板上的辐射压强以及由此产生的力分别为多少?
太阳辐射的强度等于单位面积上的平均太阳功率。因此,卫星处的该值为 1.3 × 103 瓦特每平方米。
假设太阳能电池板完全吸收所有入射的阳光,则作用在太阳能电池板上的辐射压强等于太阳辐射强度除以光速,即 4.3 × 10-6 牛顿每平方米。
辐射力是辐射压与太阳能电池板面积的乘积。 其数值计算为 8.6 × 10
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