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Newton's Laws of Motion
Scale Readings in Motion and Water
Description
Scale readings can change when an object is moving or submerged in water. The force we call true weight is the gravitational force acting on an object. When motion or fluid forces are present, the reading can differ from that true weight. In water, this changed reading is called apparent weight, and it equals true weight min...
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Transcript
考虑一个静止的电梯,其内部有一个箱子放在称重秤上。箱子所受的重力等于秤对箱子施加的法向力,因此箱子所受合外力的大小为零。秤显示的是法向力的大小,即箱子的真实重量。
如果电梯以恒定加速度向上运动,则作用在箱子上的合力大小等于支持力与箱子所受重力之间的差值。此时秤显示的视重大于箱子的实际重量。
当电梯向下加速时,按照惯例,加速度为负值。此时物体的视重低于其实际重量。
现在,如果电梯的缆绳断裂,带有秤的箱子将暂时悬停,但最终会因重力作用而向下加速,进入自由落体状态。
此时秤的读数为零,盒子看起来处于失重状态。这种现象被称为视重失重。
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