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Waves

Standing Wave Modes in Sound Tubes

Description

Standing wave modes in sound tubes depend on the boundary conditions at the ends of the tube. These boundary conditions describe how the air particles can move where the tube is open or closed. They set the pattern the standing wave must follow.

For a tube that is open at one end and closed at th...

Transcript

考虑一个一端开口、另一端封闭的管子内部被困住的空气。当波入射到其中时,会发生反射,从而产生驻波。

边界条件为:在开口端,空气分子可自由振动,形成波腹;在闭口端,空气分子无法振动,形成波节。

如果两端均封闭,则第一种可能的振动模式在两端都会出现波节。但在此情况下,可通过拉伸此模式获得第一种可能的振动模式。该管的长度等于基模波长的四分之一。

对于第一泛音,长度等于波长的四分之三。对于第二泛音,长度等于波长的五分之四,依此类推。

因此,驻波模式的波长遵循由 n(一个奇数)给出的数学规律。

相应的频率,即谐波,可通过波速来确定。

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