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Biology

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Microbiology

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Viruses

RNA Virus Replication Strategies

Description

RNA viruses use several replication strategies based on their genome type. They are grouped as positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded RNA viruses. Some RNA viruses also use reverse transcription, which adds another layer to how they copy their genetic material.

Positive-strand RNA v...

Transcript

RNA病毒被分为正义链、反义 义链和双链三种类型。

正义RNA病毒(如噬菌体MS2)通过F菌毛感染大肠杆菌(E. coli),而脊髓灰质炎病毒则主要通过细胞上的脊髓灰质炎病毒受体感染人类。

两种病毒在进入宿主后会立即翻译其基因组,以产生结构蛋白和酶学组分。

甲型流感病毒是一种多形性的负链单股RNA病毒。其分段的RNA基因组分为八条螺旋状链,包裹在宿主来源的脂质包膜内。

当两种流感病毒共同感染同一个细胞时,它们的分段基因组可以随机重配,产生新的病毒株——这一过程称为抗原转变。

双链RNA病毒(如轮状病毒)在核衣壳内复制,从而使其免于被免疫系统检测到。

逆转录病毒(如 HIV)利用逆转录酶将 RNA 转化...

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