2.12:

2.12: 条状图

JoVE Core
Statistics

A subscription to JoVE is required to view this content. Sign in or start your free trial.

JoVE Core Statistics

Bar Graph

2.10: Scatter Plot

2.13: Multiple Bar Graph

16,372 Views

•

01:07 min

•

April 30, 2023

Overview

A bar graph is also called a bar chart and consists of bars that are separated from each other. It either uses horizontal or vertical bars to show comparisons among categories. The bars can be rectangles, or they can be rectangular boxes (used in three-dimensional plots). One axis of the graph represents the specific categories being compared, and the other axis shows a discrete value. In this graph, the length of the bar for each category is proportional to the number or percent of individuals in each category. Some bar charts show bars clustered in groups of more than one (grouped bar graphs), and others depict the bars divided into subparts to show cumulative effect (stacked bar graphs). A bar graph is a better choice than a line graph or histogram because this data is categorical rather than continuous. Also, it is appropriate to compare the relative size of the categories. It is to be noted that the bar graphs that are organized from highest to lowest are called Pareto charts.

Transcript

回想一下，定性数据表示非数值变量，例如不同的头发颜色、车辆类型或大学提供的各种课程。

例如，考虑一个频率表，其中包含每门课程（统计学、生物学、物理学和化学）的注册学生人数。

此类定性数据可以使用条形图直观地表示。

定性数据的类别（提供的不同课程）沿横轴表示，频率或学生人数沿纵轴表示。

然后，绘制连接类别和相应学生数量的等宽条形。这些条形的高度表示不同类别的频率。

第一个条形表示有 5 名学生注册了 Statistics，第二个条形表示 3 名学生注册了 Biology，依此类推。放置这些条形图时，它们之间可以有间隙或不有间隙。

Key Terms and definitions

Bar graph - A visual representation showing comparisons among categories with bars.
Rectangular bar - The shape used in a bar graph to denote a category.
Grouped bar graph - A bar graph with bars clustered in groups representing extra dimension of data.
Stacked bar graph - Bar graph where bars are divided into subparts showing cumulative effect.
Pareto chart - A bar graph organized from highest to lowest importance.

Learning Objectives

Define Bar graph - A tool for visual comparison of categorical data (e.g., bar graph).
Contrast Grouped vs Stacked bar graph - Explain their differences, usage and advantages (e.g., scientific studies).
Explore Applications of bar graph - Describe various scenarios where bar graph could be vital (e.g., statistical comparison).
Explain vertical vs horizontal bar chart - Discuss orientation difference and their impact.
Apply Pareto chart in Context - Demonstrate utility of ordered bar graphs in prioritizing issues.

Questions that this video will help you answer

What are the applications of a bar graph and how to interpret one?
What visual difference does orientation bring to a bar graph?
How does a Pareto chart aid in problem-solving in a business context?

This video is also useful for

Students - Helps comprehend data visualization concepts and enhance analytical skills.
Educators - Provides a framework to teach data comparison and analysis techniques.
Researchers - Bar graph can visually communicate data trends in research papers for easier understanding.
Data Analysts - Act as a tool to present clear comparison among different categories for decision making.

Tags

条形图条形图水平条形垂直条形比较类别离散值分组条形图堆叠条形图分类数据帕累托图数据可视化