评估腿部血压

Position the patient prone or supine with a slightly flexed knee to ensure easy access to the popliteal artery. If prone positioning is not feasible, a supine position with the knee slightly flexed is acceptable. Ensure the patient's legs are not crossed, as this can artificially elevate readings. Remove any clothing that may constrict the thigh to prevent impeding cuff expansion.

Palpate the dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial artery pulse in the calf. Position the cuff over the lower calf, one inch above the ankle bones or malleoli, ensuring proper height for accurate pressure application. This placement allows effective artery compression during inflation and accurate pressure readings.

Slowly inflate the cuff until the first Korotkoff sound indicates systolic blood pressure. Gradually deflate and observe where the sound disappears, indicating diastolic blood pressure. Maintain a slow deflation rate to accurately capture the moment the sound ceases, ensuring precise diastolic pressure measurement.

Place the stethoscope's diaphragm just below the cuff's lower edge to avoid muffling the Korotkoff sounds, which are crucial for determining blood pressure. For thigh measurement, position the stethoscope over the popliteal fossa. For calf measurement, place it at the malleoli to ensure clear sound transmission.

Begin the procedure with comprehensive hand hygiene using bactericidal soap or alcohol-based rub. After measurement, fully deflate the cuff and help the patient into a comfortable position. Clean and store equipment to maintain sanitation standards, perform hand hygiene again, and record the measured blood pressure values in the patient's record.

Proper cuff placement ensures effective artery compression during inflation and accurate pressure readings. Misalignment of the cuff's markers with the artery or incorrect height can distort measurements. For thigh measurement, align the cuff's markers directly over the popliteal artery one inch above the knee's crease to achieve reliable results.

Securely close the sphygmomanometer's valve to avoid air leaks before inflation. Inflate the cuff quickly to a pressure exceeding the expected systolic reading to ensure complete artery occlusion. Slowly deflate the cuff while listening carefully for Korotkoff sounds to accurately identify both systolic and diastolic pressures and minimize errors occurring during blood pressure monitoring.