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JoVE Core
Nursing
护理诊断的文档记录
Video Quiz
护理诊断的文档记录
JoVE Core
Nursing
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JoVE Core Nursing
Documentation of Nursing Diagnosis

7.10: 护理诊断的文档记录

1,876 Views
01:10 min
December 28, 2023
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

护士负责记录护理诊断并纳入患者的记录中。可通过书面记录或电子记档来记录患者的护理诊断,并附上护理计划。

在某些医疗环境中,采用基于数据的计算机决策支持系统,能够提升护理诊断的精确性。这类系统中的数据库包含了护理诊断标签的特征、活动和指标。护士输入评估数据后,计算机将数据按照类别进行组织,可增强准确诊断的能力。确定诊断,计算机系统还会指导护士为患者选择适当的干预措施。

不当使用诊断过程可能导致患者被“误诊”。常见的错误来源包括以下几点:

  • 根据不完整的数据进行过早诊断。例如,一名护士在尝试指导患者进行伤口自我护理时遭到了患者的语言攻击,做出了防御性的诊断。
  • 由于不准确的数据或存在缺陷的数据分析而导致错误诊断。例如,在未对患者反应的合理性进行充分评估之前,便为一名被告知癌症复发的患者做出了适应能力丧失的诊断。
  • 常规化诊断,是由于护士未能根据患者的具体特殊需求来收集和分析数据造成误诊。例如,对于一名经常因糖尿病相关并发症住院的患者,尽管患者对糖尿病和相关的自我护理有着良好的知识,但护士错误地做出了“知识缺乏”的诊断。实际上,患者的问题在于缺乏自我照顾的动力。
  • 遗漏错误:未能在患者状态发生变化时更新诊断。诊断上的失误导致了护理上的失误。

Transcript

记录护理诊断是护理过程中有价值且必不可少的一步。

采用标准化术语来记录护理诊断。

诊断文档包括 3 个部分:问题陈述、病因和定义特征。

护理诊断要么是手写的护理计划,要么是输入电子健康系统。

在初步诊断中添加了额外的护理诊断 - 例如"自我护理缺陷"。

护理诊断书应签署日期和时间。

在某些情况下,基于计算机的临床决策可以更好地组织数据并增强诊断选择。

尽管如此,护理诊断在确定正确诊断方面仍存在一些局限性,并敦促护士避免批评无缝诊断。

由于数据不完整或不准确而导致的过早或错误诊断是误诊的原因之一。

无知地识别患者的独特需求和遗漏的错误也可能误导诊断。

Explore More Videos

护理诊断 病人记录 电子健康记录 计算机化决策支持 诊断标签 评估数据 误诊 数据分析 定制数据收集 遗漏错误 干预选项 护理失败

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