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JoVE Core
Nursing
护理实施
护理实施
JoVE Core
Nursing
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JoVE Core Nursing
Nursing Implementation

8.6: 护理实施

6,289 Views
01:15 min
December 28, 2023
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

护理实施是将规划阶段制定的护理计划付诸实践的过程。

实施有效护理的五个步骤包括:重新评估患者,审查和调整现有的护理计划,组织资源和护理交付,预防并发症,以及执行护理干预。

  1. 第一步是重新评估患者,这是一个持续的过程,护士每次与患者互动时,都会获得新的数据,发现新的患者需求并据此调整护理计划。重新评估的目的是收集更多信息,以确保治疗计划有效。它有助于判断既定护理行动是否仍符合患者的健康状况。
  2. 第二步是确保护理诊断的有效性和护理治疗的适宜性,可通过审查护理计划并将其与评估结果进行对比。如果患者的状况发生变化,原有的护理诊断和相应的护理干预则不再适用,护理计划就会需更新。过时或不适当的护理计划会影响到护理的质量。及时审查和调整护理计划可以确保护理干预及时且有效地满足患者需求。
  3. 组织资源和提供护理包括组建专家团队和设备。合理地安排资源和人员能够提供及时、高效和高质量的患者护理。在护理干预开始之前,需确保患者和环境的准备工作已就绪。
  4. 第四步包括预防和减轻患者疾病或治疗可能引起的并发症。护士需要确认潜在风险,并根据具体情况选择适当的干预措施。
  5. 第五步是执行护理干预,需要综合运用认知、操作和人际交往技能。

护理工作需要认知、人际交往和操作能力。护士需要具备这些技能来实施直接和间接的护理干预。直接护理涉及应用认知技能(批判性思维、反思、临床判断、创造力等)、人际技能(关怀、沟通、安抚、倡导和咨询等)和操作技术(抬举、注射、改变患者体位等)。

对于间接护理,治疗是通过与患者的互动进行的,如药物管理。此外,间接护理包括代表患者进行的非直接治疗。例如,与其他医疗保健提供者沟通患者状况,进行转诊,倡导患者权益并管理患者居住和接受治疗的环境。

Transcript

实施是在规划阶段制定的护理计划的执行。它包括 5 个步骤。

首先,重新评估通过考虑任何潜在的新需求或问题来帮助修改最适合患者的治疗计划。

其次,审查和修订现有的护理计划可以验证护理诊断并确定干预措施是否适合患者的病情。

第三,组织设备、熟练人员和环境等资源可确保充分的患者护理。

第四,预测和预防与患者疾病或治疗相关的并发症有助于护士适当地选择干预措施。

最后,实施认知、心理运动和人际交往技能有助于护士提供直接和间接的护理。

直接护理是一种通过与客户互动进行的治疗,例如药物管理。

间接护理是一种在客户之外但代表客户进行的治疗,例如,将患者信息传达给医疗保健专业人员或家庭成员。

Explore More Videos

护理实施 护理计划 病人再评估 护理诊断 护理干预 资源组织 并发症预防 认知技能 人际交往技能 心理运动技能 直接护理 间接护理

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