31.12
RLC系列电路
A series RLC circuit connects a resistor and an inductor in series with a charged capacitor.
In a closed circuit, the capacitor discharges through the resistor and inductor. Due to energy losses in the resistor, the magnetic field energy acquired by the inductor is less than the electric field energy of the fully charged capacitor.
On recharging the capacitor, energy is again lost in the resistor, leading to lower electric field energy than the original magnetic energy. These energy oscillations continuously decrease in amplitude and are called damped oscillations.
The decrease in total electromagnetic energy with time is equal to the energy dissipated in the resistor.
On differentiating the equation and replacing the current, the equation of the damped RLC circuit is obtained.
For small resistance, the charge oscillations on capacitor plates die out slowly, and the circuit is called underdamped.
If the resistance reaches a critical value, the circuit no longer oscillates and is called critically damped.
For very large resistance, the circuit becomes overdamped with a slow decrease in the charge of the capacitor.
An RLC串联电路由串联的电感器、电阻器和充电电容器组成。 当电路闭合时，电容器开始通过电阻器和电感器放电，将能量从电场转移到磁场。 这里，连接到电路的电阻器会造成能量损失； 因此，当电容器完全放电时，电感获得的磁场能量小于电容器原有的电场能量。 同样，当磁场减小到零时，电容器获得的能量小于电感器…