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JoVE Core
Pharmacology
青光眼:概述
青光眼:概述
JoVE Core
Pharmacology
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JoVE Core Pharmacology
Glaucoma: Overview

6.18: 青光眼:概述

1,409 Views
01:25 min
September 22, 2023
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

青光眼是一种眼睛疾病,其特征是眼内压增高,损害视网膜和视神经,如果不及时治疗将导致不可逆的失明。人眼有多个组成部分,包括角膜,虹膜,瞳孔,晶状体和视神经。房水是由后房睫状体上皮分泌的,通过小梁网和巩膜静脉窦流动,保持正常的眼内压力。小梁网和巩膜静脉窦位于虹膜和角膜交汇处的虹膜角。

在青光眼中,虹膜角被阻塞,导致房水分泌和排放之间的失衡。当小梁网变硬时,房水的流出减慢。因此,房水逐渐积聚在前房中,增加眼内压力。这种情况被称为开角型青光眼,因为虹膜角保持开放。闭角型青光眼发生在虹膜突起并阻塞虹膜角时,引起眼内压突然升高。这两种类型的青光眼可以通过药物或手术干预来管理。

Transcript

青光眼的特征是由于眼压升高导致视网膜和视神经损伤,导致不可逆的失明。

从解剖学上讲,人眼由前房和后房、小梁网、角膜、虹膜和睫状体组成。

睫状体上皮分泌房水,房水流经小梁网,并通过位于虹膜角膜角的 Schlemm 管排出。

在健康的眼睛中,房水的分泌率与引流率相平衡,维持正常的眼压。

然而,在病理条件下,引流途径被阻塞。

例如,当小梁网变硬时,引流速度会很慢。因此,液体积聚,逐渐增加眼压。

因为虹膜角膜角是开放的,这种情况被称为开角型青光眼。

或者,当虹膜凸出时,它会阻塞虹膜角膜角度,从而阻碍流出。

在这种情况下,眼压迅速升高,导致闭角型青光眼。

两种类型的青光眼都使用药物或手术进行控制。

Explore More Videos

青光眼 眼压 视网膜 视神经 失明 房水 睫状体 小梁网 施莱姆管 虹膜角膜角 开角型青光眼 闭角型青光眼 药物 手术干预

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