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JoVE Core
Medical-Surgical Nursing
上钡系列:吞钡检查
Video Quiz
上钡系列:吞钡检查
JoVE Core
Medical-Surgical Nursing
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JoVE Core Medical-Surgical Nursing
Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow

12.2: 上钡系列:吞钡检查

2,102 Views
01:24 min
January 17, 2025
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

吞钡检查或钡食管造影是一种诊断成像方法,用于显示上胃肠道(GI),包括食管、胃和小肠。它采用硫酸钡(一种不透射线的对比剂)来提供上消化系统的清晰图像,有助于识别异常、疾病或结构问题。

目的和程序

接受此检查的患者需饮用含有白垩稠度硫酸钡的液体。这种材料在 X 射线中呈现亮白色,能够捕获上胃肠道的详细图像。检查可能包括 X 射线成像或透视检查。透视检查可提供实时的视频 X 射线成像,尤其适用于观察吞咽以及食管和胃蠕动等动态过程。

适应症

吞钡检查通常用于有吞咽困难(吞咽障碍)、反流、不明原因的体重减轻、腹痛或持续呕吐症状的患者。它可以用于诊断胃食管反流病(GERD)、食管裂孔疝、食管狭窄和某些肿瘤等疾病。

准备和注意事项

患者需在检查前午夜后禁食,并被建议摘除任何不透射线的物体,例如珠宝或假牙。由于存在辐射暴露的潜在风险,患者应告知医疗提供者任何禁忌症,例如肠梗阻或怀孕。

强化检查技术

在某些情况下,可能会在钡溶液中添加其他物质以增强检查效果,例如使用气体的双重对比技术,以更清晰地描绘消化道内表面的轮廓。

术后护理

手术后,除非存在特定禁忌症,患者应确保摄入足够水分以帮助排出钡。患者应服用医生开具的泻药,并在 2 至 3 天内未排出钡时通知医生。检查后 24 至 72 小时内,粪便呈现白垩色和浅色属正常现象。尽管吞钡检查通常是安全的,但患者应将任何疑虑向医疗团队反映,尤其是有关辐射暴露及其风险的问题。医疗提供者需仔细平衡检查的优点与潜在风险,以确保患者的安全与健康。

Transcript

吞钡是一种诊断性医学成像程序,它使用硫酸钡来观察和检查上消化道,包括食道、胃和十二指肠。

它识别食管动力障碍、狭窄、穿孔、肿瘤和食管裂孔疝。

患者准备包括 8 小时 NPO 状态和午夜后禁止吸烟,以防止胃分泌物增加。

在作之前,解释过程,包括持续时间、硫酸钡混合物消耗量和各种放射影像学位置。此外,指导患者从 X 光片区域中取出珠宝和假牙等金属物品。

在手术过程中,患者会消耗一种钡液,这种液体在 X 光片上呈亮白色。

采用透视观察钡在胃肠道中的实时移动,并捕获多张 X 射线以收集综合信息。

术后说明包括多喝水,除非有禁忌症,否则以消除钡剂。

按规定提供泻药。告诉患者,大便在 24-72 小时内会呈白垩色和浅色。

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