-1::1
Simple Hit Counter
Skip to content

Products

Solutions

×
×
Sign In

CN

EN - EnglishCN - 简体中文DE - DeutschES - EspañolKR - 한국어IT - ItalianoFR - FrançaisPT - Português do BrasilPL - PolskiHE - עִבְרִיתRU - РусскийJA - 日本語TR - TürkçeAR - العربية
Sign In Start Free Trial

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal

Peer reviewed scientific video journal

Behavior
Biochemistry
Bioengineering
Biology
Cancer Research
Chemistry
Developmental Biology
View All
JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Video encyclopedia of advanced research methods

Biological Techniques
Biology
Cancer Research
Immunology
Neuroscience
Microbiology
JoVE Visualize

Visualizing science through experiment videos

EDUCATION

JoVE Core

Video textbooks for undergraduate courses

Analytical Chemistry
Anatomy and Physiology
Biology
Calculus
Cell Biology
Chemistry
Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
View All
JoVE Science Education

Visual demonstrations of key scientific experiments

Advanced Biology
Basic Biology
Chemistry
View All
JoVE Lab Manual

Videos of experiments for undergraduate lab courses

Biology
Chemistry

BUSINESS

JoVE Business

Video textbooks for business education

Accounting
Finance
Macroeconomics
Marketing
Microeconomics

OTHERS

JoVE Quiz

Interactive video based quizzes for formative assessments

Authors

Teaching Faculty

Librarians

K12 Schools

Biopharma

Products

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal

Peer reviewed scientific video journal

JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Video encyclopedia of advanced research methods

JoVE Visualize

Visualizing science through experiment videos

EDUCATION

JoVE Core

Video textbooks for undergraduates

JoVE Science Education

Visual demonstrations of key scientific experiments

JoVE Lab Manual

Videos of experiments for undergraduate lab courses

BUSINESS

JoVE Business

Video textbooks for business education

OTHERS

JoVE Quiz

Interactive video based quizzes for formative assessments

Solutions

Authors
Teaching Faculty
Librarians
K12 Schools
Biopharma

Language

zh_CN

EN

English

CN

简体中文

DE

Deutsch

ES

Español

KR

한국어

IT

Italiano

FR

Français

PT

Português do Brasil

PL

Polski

HE

עִבְרִית

RU

Русский

JA

日本語

TR

Türkçe

AR

العربية

    Menu

    JoVE Journal

    Behavior

    Biochemistry

    Bioengineering

    Biology

    Cancer Research

    Chemistry

    Developmental Biology

    Engineering

    Environment

    Genetics

    Immunology and Infection

    Medicine

    Neuroscience

    Menu

    JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

    Biological Techniques

    Biology

    Cancer Research

    Immunology

    Neuroscience

    Microbiology

    Menu

    JoVE Core

    Analytical Chemistry

    Anatomy and Physiology

    Biology

    Calculus

    Cell Biology

    Chemistry

    Civil Engineering

    Electrical Engineering

    Introduction to Psychology

    Mechanical Engineering

    Medical-Surgical Nursing

    View All

    Menu

    JoVE Science Education

    Advanced Biology

    Basic Biology

    Chemistry

    Clinical Skills

    Engineering

    Environmental Sciences

    Physics

    Psychology

    View All

    Menu

    JoVE Lab Manual

    Biology

    Chemistry

    Menu

    JoVE Business

    Accounting

    Finance

    Macroeconomics

    Marketing

    Microeconomics

Start Free Trial
Loading...
Home
JoVE Core
Introduction to Psychology
高级意识和低级意识
Video Quiz
高级意识和低级意识
JoVE Core
Introduction to Psychology
A subscription to JoVE is required to view this content.  Sign in or start your free trial.
JoVE Core Introduction to Psychology
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

4.2: 高级意识和低级意识

859 Views
01:19 min
October 24, 2024
AI Banner

Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

人类意识中的受控过程代表高度警觉的心理状态,在这种状态下,个体会有意识的将注意力集中在实现特定目标上。受控过程可以在掌握新技术等情况下观察到,在这种情况下,一个人可能会全神贯注,以至于忽略周围的干扰。这样的过程涉及选择性注意,要求人们专注于特定的体验元素而忽略其他不相关的元素。这些过程由执行功能控制,执行功能是一种复杂的认知能力,涉及思考、计划和解决问题,主要与大脑的前额叶皮层有关。

另一方面,自动过程只需极少的意识努力即可进行,并且通常不会干扰其他正在进行的活动。例如,一旦一个人习惯了使用智能手机后,发短信的行为就会变得自动化,使他们能够毫不费力地同时处理多项任务。这种较低水平的意识参与表明,即使是自动行为,也需要一定程度的意识。

介于这两种状态之间的是白日梦,这种状态的特点是低意识努力和自发出现,通常发生在不需要全神贯注的活动中。走神是白日梦的一种常见形式,经常发生在单调乏味的任务中,让人们逃避到自己的私人想法或幻想中。虽然走神需要付出的努力很少,但它依然消耗认知资源,并与大脑中的默认模式网络有关,默认模式网络是一组在内部集中任务期间活跃的相互关联的区域。

尽管走神有潜在的弊端,比如注意力减弱和在学习或工作中的表现下降,但它也有其好处。走神可以让大脑暂时从外部环境中抽离,探索和连接不同的想法,,从而促进创造性思考或帮助解决问题。理解这些不同的意识状态有助于揭示人类认知的复杂性,及其对日常功能和表现的影响。

Transcript

更高层次的意识涉及受控过程,这些过程需要将精力集中在复杂的任务上,由大脑的思考、解决问题和管理情绪的能力驱动。

解决复杂的数学问题需要个人深入专注、思考解决方案、管理焦虑并忽略电话通知等干扰。

在这些较高层次的意识之后是较低层次的意识,例如自动处理和白日梦。

它们需要较少的关注,包括边走边说或不看键盘打字等活动。随着个人熟练掌握这些任务,他们会变得更加高效并且可以有效地处理多项任务。

白日梦涉及想象个人事件或日常活动,例如去度假或想象与朋友的对话,这通常是自动开始的,并且在执行不需要全神贯注的任务时发生,导致思绪飘忽不定。

走神是白日梦的一种常见形式,是由长时间讲座等活动的无聊引发的,并且经常导致对周末旅行等计划的白日梦。

Key Terms and Definitions

  • Controlled process - High-alert state where attention is focused on goal attainment.
  • Automatic process - Activities performed with minimal conscious effort.
  • Daydreaming - Low conscious effort state with spontaneous thoughts during monotonous tasks.
  • Mind wandering - A common form of daydreaming, providing a mental escape into private thoughts.
  • Executive functions - Cognitive capabilities for planning and problem-solving linked to prefrontal cortex.

Learning Objectives

  • Define Consciousness Level– Explain what high and low levels of consciousness are (e.g., controlled vs automatic processes).
  • Contrast Controlled and Automatic Processes- Explain key differences (e.g., ability to multitask).
  • Explore Daydreaming- Describe scenario when it occurs and mind wandering (e.g., monotonous tasks).
  • Explain Low- and High-Level Consciousness- Discuss their implications for thought, creativity, and performance.
  • Apply in Cognitive Context- Highlight how understanding consciousness levels impacts functioning and performance.

Questions that this video will help you answer

  • What are controlled processes and how are they related to high-level consciousness?
  • How does an automatic process function and what relevance does it have to low-level consciousness?
  • What is the role and impact of daydreaming and mind wandering in consciousness?

This video is also useful for

  • Students – Provides comprehension of consciousness states and their role in cognitive functioning.
  • Educators – Framework for teaching about consciousness levels and their real-world implications.
  • Researchers – Relevance for studying human cognition, performance, and everyday functioning.
  • Psychology Enthusiasts – Offers insights into cognitive processes, enhancing understanding of human behavior.

Explore More Videos

本月的 JoVE 期刊

Related Videos

理解意识

01:23

理解意识

States of Consciousness

2.4K 浏览

意识状态改变

01:06

意识状态改变

States of Consciousness

1.3K 浏览

潜意识与无意识

01:25

潜意识与无意识

States of Consciousness

761 浏览

了解睡眠

01:16

了解睡眠

States of Consciousness

1.8K 浏览

睡眠不足和睡眠剥夺

01:13

睡眠不足和睡眠剥夺

States of Consciousness

1.1K 浏览

睡眠阶段

01:22

睡眠阶段

States of Consciousness

1.6K 浏览

做梦

01:30

做梦

States of Consciousness

578 浏览

清醒梦

01:10

清醒梦

States of Consciousness

623 浏览

失眠

01:27

失眠

States of Consciousness

560 浏览

梦游和梦话

01:17

梦游和梦话

States of Consciousness

1.2K 浏览

REM 睡眠行为障碍

01:28

REM 睡眠行为障碍

States of Consciousness

2.2K 浏览

不宁腿综合征和夜惊

01:27

不宁腿综合征和夜惊

States of Consciousness

687 浏览

睡眠呼吸暂停

01:27

睡眠呼吸暂停

States of Consciousness

667 浏览

发作

01:07

发作

States of Consciousness

668 浏览

噩梦和夜惊

01:18

噩梦和夜惊

States of Consciousness

668 浏览

影响睡眠的物质使用障碍

01:24

影响睡眠的物质使用障碍

States of Consciousness

500 浏览

精神活性药物概述

01:28

精神活性药物概述

States of Consciousness

721 浏览

抑制剂

01:28

抑制剂

States of Consciousness

537 浏览

兴奋剂

01:29

兴奋剂

States of Consciousness

1.1K 浏览

致幻剂和迷幻药

01:27

致幻剂和迷幻药

States of Consciousness

848 浏览

JoVE logo
Contact Us Recommend to Library
Research
  • JoVE Journal
  • JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
  • JoVE Visualize
Business
  • JoVE Business
Education
  • JoVE Core
  • JoVE Science Education
  • JoVE Lab Manual
  • JoVE Quizzes
Solutions
  • Authors
  • Teaching Faculty
  • Librarians
  • K12 Schools
  • Biopharma
About JoVE
  • Overview
  • Leadership
Others
  • JoVE Newsletters
  • JoVE Help Center
  • Blogs
  • JoVE Newsroom
  • Site Maps
Contact Us Recommend to Library
JoVE logo

Copyright © 2026 MyJoVE Corporation. All rights reserved

Privacy Terms of Use Policies
WeChat QR code